Славяне-Киевская Русь.

ůƉžƀƝƋƃ

ǩȢȋȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ȏȎ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȕ -

ȈȇȒșȘȑȕȊȕ ȌȋȏȔȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȖȗȕȏȎȕȟȒȕ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ȗȚȈȌȍȌ ꢀ V ²9, ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁ

ǫȗȌȉȔȌȐȟȇȦ ꢀ ȈȌȘȘȖȕȗȔȕ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȇȗȜȌȕȒȕȊȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȇ ꢀ ²

ȖȗȇȍȘȑȕ - ȑȕȗȞȇȑȘȑȇȦ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ

ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃ .

ǫȗȌȉȔȌȐȟȇȦ ꢀ ȖȗȇȗȕȋȏȔȇ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ²

ǽȌȔșȗȇȒȣȔȇȦ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȐȕȔ ꢀ

ȉȌȗȜȕȉȏȐ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȦ , ȄȒȣȈȢ , ǵȋȌȗȇ ȏ ꢀ

ǩȏȘȒȢ ꢁ

ǫȕȘșȕȉȌȗȔȕ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȇȗȜȌȕȒȕȊȏȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȢ ꢀ V-VI

ȉȉ ꢁ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

šƎƃƕƃƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƌƉƌƋƆƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ŭƎƆƕƃƎƋƌƊƌƎƚƃ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ V-II ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ǮȇȋȕȒȊȕ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȖȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ,

ȉ ꢀ VII ȉȌȑȌ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ ȘșȇȒȕ ꢀ ȎȕȔȕȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȕȐ ꢀ ȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȑȕȒȕȔȏȎȇȝȏȏ ꢁ

ǮȋȌȘȣ ꢀ ȖȕȦȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ - ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢀꢂ ȖȕȒȏȘȢ ꢃꢀ

² ǵȒȣȉȏȦ ꢄꢀ ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘ ꢄꢀ ǹȇȔȇȏȘ ꢄꢀ

ǶȇȔșȏȑȇȖȌȐ ꢄꢀ DZȌȗȞȣ ꢄꢀ

ǻȌȕȋȕȘȏȦ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃꢁ

ǩ ꢀ ǵȒȣȉȏȏ ȏ ꢀ ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘȌ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȋȌȓȕȑȗȇșȏȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȗȌȘȖȚȈȒȏȑȏ ,

ȇ ꢀ ǶȇȔșȏȑȇȖȌȐ ȘșȇȒ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȌȐ ꢀ

ȕȈȟȏȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ǨȕȘȖȕȗȘȑȕȊȕ

ȝȇȗȘșȉȇ .

ǨȕȘȖȕȗȘȑȕȌ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IV-II ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

šƎƃƕƃƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƌƉƌƋƆƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ŭƎƆƕƃƎƋƌƊƌƎƚƃ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ V-II ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ǨȕȘȖȕȗȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȝȇȗȦȓ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȞȏȔȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ șȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ ꢁꢀ

Ȕȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȓȌȘșȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȍȏșȌȒȏ ꢀ ² ȉȇȗȉȇȗȢ .

ǩ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇȒȌ ꢀ ȔȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȤȗȢ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȦ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȟȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢀ ǷȏȓȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢁ

ǵȒȣȉȏȦ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȚȔȏȞșȕȍȌȔȇ ꢀ

ȊȚȔȔȇȓȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢅꢆꢇ - Ȝ ꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ Ȕ ꢁꢀ Ȥ ꢁ , ȇ ꢀ

ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǶȇȔșȏȑȇȖȌȐ ȉ ꢀ 9 ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ

Ȕ ꢁꢀ Ȥ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȟȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȕȘșȇȉ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢁ

šƎƃƕƃƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƌƉƌƋƆƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ŭƎƆƕƃƎƋƌƊƌƎƚƃ

ǩ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȓ ꢀ ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ V-II ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕȒȕȔȏȘșȢ ꢀ

ȉȘșȗȌșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ Ȗȗȕȍȏȉȇȉȟȏȓȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȤșȏȜ ꢀ ȑȗȇȦȜ ꢀ Șȑȏțȇȓȏ ,

ȖȗȏȔȇȋȒȌȍȇȉȟȏȓȏ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȏȗȇȔȕȦȎȢȞȔȢȓ Ȕȇȗȕȋȇȓ .

ǫȗȌȉȔȌȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȑ ꢀ

ǪȌȗȕȋȕș ȖȏȘȇȒ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȘȑȏțȇȜ -

ȖȇȜȇȗȦȜ ȏ ꢀ ȘȑȏțȇȜ -

ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȇȜ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ

ȘȒȌȋȚȥȠȏȐ ꢂ ȘȒȇȐȋ ꢃꢁꢂ

ǸȗȌȋȏ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȕȉ

ȉȢȋȌȒȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȝȇȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȘȑȏțȢ .

ǯȜ ꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȥș ꢀ ȖȕșȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ Ț ꢀ

ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ ȘțȕȗȓȏȗȕȉȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȘșȕȦȒ ꢀ ȝȇȗȣ ꢁꢀ ȕȖȏȗȇȉȟȏȐȘȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢂꢀ

šƎƃƕƃƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƌƉƌƋƆƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ŭƎƆƕƃƎƋƌƊƌƎƚƃ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǯȘșȕȗȏȏ« ꢀ ǪȌȗȕȋȕșȇ ꢀꢂ ȑȔȏȊȇ ꢀꢈ - Ȧ ꢃꢉ

ªǸ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȜȕȋȕȓ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ǨȕȗȏȘțȌȔ ꢀꢃ ȖȗȕȒȏȉ ꢀ ǨȕȘțȕȗ ꢄꢀ ȉȘșȚȖȇȌȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȈȒȏȍȇȐȟȚȥ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȓȕȗȦ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȥ ꢁꢀ ǪȏȒȌȥ ꢅꢀ ȉȢȟȌ ꢀ ȌȌ ꢀ ȍȏȉȚș ꢀ ȘȑȏțȢ -

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ ȍȏȉȚȠȏȌ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ǪȏȖȇȔȏȘȇ ȌȒȒȏȔȢ

ȔȇȎȢȉȇȥș ꢀ ȈȕȗȏȘțȌȔȏșȇȓȏ ꢅꢀ ȘȇȓȏȜ ꢀ ȘȌȈȦ ꢀ șȇȓȕȟȔȏȌ ꢀ ȌȒȒȏȔȢ

ȔȇȎȢȉȇȥș ꢀ ȕȒȣȉȏȕȖȕȒȏșȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǸȒȌȋȕȉȇșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢁꢀ Ȥșȏ ꢀ ȘȑȏțȢ -

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȝȢ ꢀ ȎȇȔȏȓȇȥș ꢀ ȖȗȕȘșȗȇȔȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȚ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȗȏ ꢀ ȋȔȦ ꢀ

ȖȚșȏ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȕȘșȏȗȇȦȘȣ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢁꢀ ȏȓȌȔȚȌȓȕȐ ꢀ ǶȇȔșȏȑȇȖȕȥ , ȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȘȌȉȌȗ ꢀ ȉȉȌȗȜ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ șȌȞȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ǨȕȗȏȘțȌȔȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȕȋȏȔȔȇȋȝȇșȣ ꢀ ȋȔȌȐ ꢂꢀ

Ǵȇȋ ꢀ Ȕȏȓȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȘșȏȗȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȕȈȟȏȗȔȇȦ ꢀ ȖȚȘșȢȔȦ ꢂꢀ

ꢆ ¬!

DZ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȚ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ Șȑȏțȕȉ - ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȝȌȉ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ șȚ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȚ ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢀ

ǶȇȔșȏȑȇȖȢ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȏșȇȥș ꢀ ȘȑȏțȢ - ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȏ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȌȥȠȏȌ ꢀ ȔȏȞȌȊȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȇȟȚȠȏȌ ꢂꢀ ǩȘȦ ꢀ Ȥșȇ ꢀ ȘșȗȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȏȘȑȒȥȞȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ǪȏȒȌȐ ꢁꢀ

ȈȌȎȒȌȘȔȇ ꢂꢀ DZȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȏ ꢀ ȎȇȔȏȓȇȥș ꢀ ȕȈȒȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȚ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȞȌșȢȗȔȇȋȝȇșȣ ꢀ ȋȔȌȐ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȕȘșȏȗȇȥȠȚȥȘȦ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ǪȌȗȗȇ .

Ƕȕ ꢀ șȚ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȚ ꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ǪȌȗȗȇ ȔȇȜȕȋȦșȘȦ ꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȌȓȢȌ ꢀ ȝȇȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȍȏȉȚș ꢀ ȜȗȇȈȗȌȐȟȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȌȐȟȏȌ

ǸȑȏțȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȎȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ȊȗȌȈȌȔȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȑȚȗȊȇȔȇ ꢀ ǸȕȒȕȜȇ .

DZȕȔȌȝ ꢀ V ² ȔȇȞȇȒȕ ꢀ ,9 ꢀ ȉȉ ꢂꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢂꢀ Ȥ ꢂ

ȘȑȏțȢ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȕȞȏȜ ꢀ Șȑȏțȕȉ ꢀ ȖȕȞȏșȇȥȠȏȌ ꢀ Șȉȕȏȓȏ ꢀ ȗȇȈȇȓȏ« ꢂꢀ

šƎƃƕƃƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƌƉƌƋƆƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ŭƎƆƕƃƎƋƌƊƌƎƚƃ

ǪȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕȒȕȔȏȏ ꢀ ȕȑȇȎȇȒȏ ꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ V-II ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ȉȒȏȦȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȉȇȗȉȇȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀꢃ ȉ ꢀ ș ꢂ Ȟ ꢂꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ).

ǨȒȇȊȕȋȇȗȦ ꢀ ȇȔșȏȞȔȢȓ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇȓ ꢀ

ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȦ ꢀ

ȖȕȎȔȇȑȕȓȏȒȕȘȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȕȐ ꢁ

ǪȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȑȕȒȕȔȏȦȜ ȎȇȔȏȓȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȗȌȓȌȘȒȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȒȌȐ ꢁꢀ

ȖȕȘșȇȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȗȌȝȏȥ ȎȌȗȔȕ ꢁꢀ

ȒȌȘ ꢁꢀ ȟȌȗȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȓȌșȇȒȒȢ ꢂꢀ

ǯȎ ꢀ ǪȗȌȝȏȏ ȖȗȏȉȕȎȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉȏȔȇ ,

ȕȒȏȉȑȕȉȕȌ ꢀ ȓȇȘȒȕ ꢁꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȢȌ

ȏȎȋȌȒȏȦ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȘȜȌȓȚ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢂ

Ȕȇ ꢂ ȘȒȌȋȚȥȠȌȓ ꢂ ȘȒȇȐȋȌ ꢃꢁ

šƎƃƕƃƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƈƌƉƌƋƆƆ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ŭƎƆƕƃƎƋƌƊƌƎƚƃ

DZȕȗȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȔȇȗȕȋȢ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ǫȗȌȉȔȌȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȑȕȒȕȔȏȎȇȝȏȦ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȦ

ǮȌȗȔȕ ꢁꢀ

ǩȏȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȓȇȘȒȕ ꢁꢀ

ȓȌșȇȒȒȢ , Șȑȕș ꢁꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȏȎȋȌȒȏȦ

ȟȌȗȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȈȢ

ǪȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȑȕȒȕȔȏȏ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȓ

ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ

ǮȌȗȔȕ ꢁꢀ

ǩȏȔȕ ꢁꢀ ȓȇȘȒȕ ꢁꢀ

ȓȌșȇȒȒȢ , Șȑȕș ꢁꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȟȌȗȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȈȢ

ȏȎȋȌȒȏȦ

dzȇșȌȗȏȑȕȉȇȦ

ǪȗȌȝȏȦ

šƑƋƋƙ

ǩ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢃ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȜ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȢ ꢄꢀ ȕȊȗȕȓȔȚȥ ꢀ ȗȕȒȣ ꢀ ȘȢȊȗȇȒȕ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ꢀ (IV-VII ȉȉ . Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢃ

Ȅșȇ ꢀ ȉȕȒȔȇ ȓȏȊȗȇȝȏȐ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇșȇ ꢀ ȊȚȔȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȎȊȒȇȉȏȉȟȏȓȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȋȏȔȌ ꢀ IV ȉ ꢁꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȠȔȢȐ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȊȟȏȜȘȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȥ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȢ ꢁꢀ ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢂ

ǩșȕȗȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȊȚȔȔȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȚ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IV ȉ ꢁꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ǶȗȏȜȕȋ ꢀ ȊȚȔȔȕȉ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ

ȋȇȒȌȑȕ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌȋȔȏȓ ꢀ

ȔȇȟȌȘșȉȏȌȓ ꢀ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȇȎȏȇșȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȚ ꢁ

ǵ

ǾȖȚȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǩ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȋȏȔȌ ꢀ VI ȉ ꢁꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

Ƿȏȓ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ

ǶȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȣȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ǶȗȏȇȎȕȉȣȌ ȉșȕȗȊȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȇȉȇȗȢ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢂ

ȘȒȌȋȚȥȠȌȓ ꢂ ȘȒȇȐȋȌ ꢃꢁ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǸȖȠȎȗ

dzȏȊȗȇȝȏȏ ꢀ ȇȉȇȗ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ VI ȉ ꢁꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ŞƀžƎƙ

ǧȉȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢊꢋꢌ - ꢋꢅꢍꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ .

ǧȉȇȗȢ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȔȌȑȕșȕȗȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ȕȈȕȘȔȕȉȇȒȏȘȣ

ȉ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȌ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȎȋȇȉ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ǧȉȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȔȌȖȕȘȗȌȋȘșȉȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȈȒȏȎȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ȖȗȕȍȏȉȇȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢂ

DZ ȤșȕȓȚ ꢀ ȖȌȗȏȕȋȚ ꢀ

ȕșȔȕȘȏșȘȦ ꢀꢀ

ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȜ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ȉ ꢀ

ȖȏȘȣȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȞȔȏȑȇȜ ꢀ

ȎȇȖȇȋȔȕȌȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȏȘȜȕȍȋȌȔȏȦ ꢂꢀ

ůƉžƀƝƋƃ ꢀ Ɔ žƀžƎƙ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȏȘȇșȌȒȏ ꢀ VI ȉ ꢁꢀ ȎȔȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȉȇ ꢀ

ǫȗȌȉȔȏȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ȉ ꢀ V- ȘȌȗȌȋȏȔȌ ꢀ VI ȉȉ .

ȑȗȚȖȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ² ȇȔșȕȉ ȏ ꢀ

ȘȑȒȇȉȏȔ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃꢁꢂ ǹȇȑ ȍȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ

ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȥșȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȞȔȏȑȇȜ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌȓ ꢀ

ªȉȌȔȌșȢ« ꢁꢀ

DZȇȗșȇ .

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȔȌȑȕșȕȗȕȌ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ȔȇȜȕȋȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȇȉȏȘȏȓȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȇȉȇȗ ꢂꢀ ǩȓȌȘșȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȇȉȇȗȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȔȌȑȕșȕȗȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ ȋȉȏȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȥȊȕ - ȎȇȖȇȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦȒȏ ꢀ ǨȇȒȑȇȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȕȘșȗȕȉ ꢁꢀ

Ǵȕ ȉ ȑȕȔȝȌ ꢀ VIII ² ȔȇȞȇȒȌ ꢀ IX ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ǧȉȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȚȔȏȞșȕȍȌȔ ꢀ țȗȇȔȑȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȕȈȗȌȒȏ ꢀ ȘȇȓȕȘșȕȦșȌȒȣȔȕȘșȣ ꢂꢀ

Ǹ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȌȌ ꢀ ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȒȏȦȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȘșȇȒȇ ꢀ ȕȑȇȎȢȉȇșȣ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȦ .

ǩ ꢀꢌꢋꢇ - Ȝ ꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȗȕȘȉȌșȏșȌȒȏ ꢀ

DZȏȗȏȒȒ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ dzȌțȕȋȏȐ ꢀ ȘȕȎȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȑȏȗȏȒȒȏȝȚ ²

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȖȏȘȣȓȌȔȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȕȘȔȕȉȌ ꢀ

ȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȇȒțȇȉȏșȇ ꢂ

ůƉžƀƝƋƃ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ VII- 9,,, ꢀ ƀƀ .

ǯȎ ꢀ ǽȌȔșȗȇȒȣȔȕȐ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȗȇȘȘȌȒȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ

ǬȉȗȕȖȌ : ȎȇȖȇȋȔȢȌ ² Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗ ꢁꢀ ȉȖȒȕșȣ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȕȗȦ , ȥȍȔȢȌ ² Ȕȇ ꢀ ǨȇȒȑȇȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȚȕȘșȗȕȉ , ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ² Ȕȇ ꢀ DZȇȗȖȇșȢ , ǫȔȌȘșȗ ꢄꢀ

ǫȔȌȖȗ ꢄꢀ ǶȗȏȖȦșȣ ꢄꢀ ǩȕȒȜȕȉ ꢄꢀ ǵȑȚ ꢁꢀ

ǹȇȑ ꢀ ȖȕȦȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȘȑȏȜ ꢂ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ꢂ ²

ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇ

ȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȥȍȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȅȍȔȢȌ ꢀ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȢ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǴȇȗȕȋȢ ꢉ

ǴȇȗȕȋȢ ꢉ

ǴȇȗȕȋȢ ꢉ

ǸȌȗȈȢ

ǼȕȗȉȇșȢ

ǨȕȘȔȏȐȝȢ

ǾȌȗȔȕȊȕȗȝȢ

ǶȕȒȦȑȏ

ǾȌȜȏ

ǸȒȕȉȇȑȏ ꢀ

ŠƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƃ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋƃ

dzȏȊȗȇȝȏȏ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ȖȌȗȌȘȌȒȦȒȏȘȣ

Ȕȇ ꢀ șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȥ ꢀ

DzȇȋȕȊȇ

ǩȇȗȦȊȏ ꢀ

ꢂ ȉȏȑȏȔȊȏ ꢃ

ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ

ȚȊȗȢ

ǴȌȉȇ

ǻȏȔ

ȄȘșȢ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǶȘȑȕȉ

ǵȎȌȗȕ ꢀ

ǯȒȣȓȌȔȣ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕ -

ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȢ

ȋȉȚȓȦ ꢀ ȖȚșȦȓȏ ꢀ ²

ȘȌȉȌȗȔȢȓ ȏ ꢀ ȥȍȔȢȓ .

ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑ

ǸȉȌȉȢ

ǷȕȘșȕȉ

ǩȕȒȍȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȦ

ǨȇȒșȢ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǫȇȔȢ

ǶȕȒȕȝȑ

DZȇȓȇ

dzȚȗȕȓ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘȑ

ǨȚȒȊȇȗ

ǯȗȒȇȔȋȏȦ

ȔȊȒȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȇȑȘȢ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȚșȣ ꢉ

ǶȕȓȕȗȣȌ ² ȕȎȌȗȕ ꢀ

ǯȒȣȓȌȔȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǩȕȒȜȕȉ ꢄꢀꢀ

ȉȌȗȜȕȉȣȦ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȇ ꢄꢀ

ǵȑȇ ꢁ

DzȥȈȌȞ

ǷȌȐȔ

ǫȕȔ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ

DZȏȌȉ

dzȇȐȔȝ

ȃȎȕȎȞȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

Dzȇ - dzȇȔȟ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ǷȌȐȓȘ

Ƕȇȗȏȍ

ǺȗȇȒ

ǨȗȌșȇȔȣ

ǸȜȞȜșȓȐȟȠȐȜ ꢀ

ȢȞȎțȘȜȐ

ǸȇȗȑȌȒ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǴȇȔș

ǯșȏȒȣ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

DzȏȕȔ

ǨȏȘȑȇȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȎȇȒȏȉ

dzȏȒȇȔ

ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ

ȭ

Ǩȕȗȋȕ

ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘ

ǷȇȉȌȔȔȇ

ǫȚȔȇȐ

ǽȎ

ȭ ꢀ

dzȇȗȘȌȒȣ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǮȟȠȡȞȖȭ

ȅȍȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȚșȣ ꢉꢀ

ǫȚȔȇȐ ꢀ ² DZȇȗȖȇșȢ ²

ǫȔȌȘșȗ ꢄꢀ ȅȍȔȢȐ ꢀ ǨȚȊ ꢄꢀ

ȘȗȌȋȔȏȐ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗ ꢄꢀ

ǶȗȏȖȦșȣ ꢁ

Ȝȏș ꢁ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǧȈȜȇȎȢ

ǧȋȗȏȇȔȕȖȕȒȣ

Ƿȏȓ

ǨȌȔȌȉȌȔșȕ

ǸȜȞȒȜȐȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȫȚȖȞȎȠ

ǹȕȒȌȋȕ

ǨȇȗȘȌȒȕȔȇ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ

ǴȏȑȌȦ

ǻȌȘȘȇȒȕȔȏȑȇ

ǴȌȇȖȕȒȣ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟ Ȏȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǧțȏȔȢ

ǹȏȗȗȌȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǯȕȔȏȞȌȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǷȌȋȍȕ

ǩȇȒȌȔȘȏȦ

ǸȌȉȏȒȣȦ

DZȕȗȋȕȉȇ

ǶȇȒȌȗȓȕ

DZȇȗțȇȊȌȔ

ȄȊȌȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

DZȇȗșȇȜȌȔȇ

ǧȈȇȘȘȏȋȢ

ǧȔșȏȕȜȏȦ

ǸȗȌȋȏȎȌȓȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǵ - ȉ ꢀ DZȏȖȗ

ǯȋȗȏȘȏȋȢ

ǨȇȊȋȇȋ

ŠƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƃ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋƃ ꢁꢀ ſžƉƐƙ Ɔ ꢀ ƒƆƋƋƌ - ƑƁƎƙ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ , ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕ -

ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȘșȗȌșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȑȕȗȌȔȔȢȓ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ²

ȈȇȒșȘȑȏȓȏ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇȓȏ ꢀꢃ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȕ - ȎȇȖȇȋȌ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǶȗȏȈȇȒșȏȑȌ , Șȓ ꢁꢂ

ȑȇȗșȚ ꢄꢀ ȏ ꢀ țȏȔȔȕ - ȚȊȕȗȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȇȓȏ ꢀꢃ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȌ ꢄꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȕ -

ȉȕȘșȕȑȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȌ , Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ).

ǩȎȇȏȓȕȋȌȐȘșȉȏȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȈȇȒșȇȓȏ ȏ ꢀ țȏȔȔȕ - ȚȊȗȇȓȏ ȖȗȕȏȘȜȕȋȏȒȕ ꢀ

ȓȏȗȔȕ ꢁꢀ ș ꢂ ȑ ꢂꢀ ȖȒȕșȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȔȏȎȑȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȘȉȕȈȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ

ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȜȉȇșȇȒȕ ꢀ ȉȘȌȓ ꢂ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ

ǮȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ǮȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȔȇȉȢȑȏ

ȔȇȉȢȑȏ

ǵȖȢș ꢀ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȔȏȦ ȉ ꢀ

șȇȌȍȔȢȜ ꢀ ȚȘȒȕȉȏȦȜ

ǨȇȒșȘȑȏȌ

ǻȏȔȔȕ - ȚȊȕȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ

ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ

ŤƆƉƆƗž ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȌȒȑȏ ꢀ VII- ,; ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌȉȌȒȏȑȏ ꢇꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȖȦșȏ ꢀ ȋȉȕȗȕȉ .

ǶȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȎȌȓȒȦȔȑȏ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȒȕȓ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȓȌșȗ - ȖȕȒșȕȗȇ ꢀ ȔȏȍȌ ꢀ ȚȗȕȉȔȦ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȦȔȔȢȓȏ ꢀ

ȘșȌȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȓȇȎȇȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȊȒȏȔȕȐ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȎȇȘȢȖȇȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȐ ꢀ ȑȗȢȟȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȞșȏ ꢀ ȑȇȘȇȥȠȌȐȘȦ ꢀ Șȑȇșȇȓȏ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ( Șȓ ꢁꢂ

ȖȌȗȉȢȐ ꢂ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ).

ǴȇȞȏȔȇȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ȉȔȚșȗȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȎȌȓȒȦȔȑȏ ² ȊȒȏȔȦȔȇȦ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȑȇȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ ȖȌȞȣ ꢁꢀ șȕȖȦȠȇȦȘȦ ꢀ Ȗȕ - ȞȌȗȔȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ șȕ ꢀ ȌȘșȣ ꢀ

ȈȌȎ ꢀ ȋȢȓȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȉșȕȗȕȐ ꢂ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢃꢁꢂ ǵșȕȖȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȗȕ - ȞȌȗȔȕȓȚ ꢀ ȖȕȎȉȕȒȦȒȕ ꢀ ȗȇȘȜȕȋȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȓȌȔȣȟȌ ꢀ șȕȖȒȏȉȇ .

ǴȇȎȌȓȔȕȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȍȏȒȏȠȌ ꢀ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȎȌȓȒȦȔȑȇ ꢀ Ș ȊȒȏȔȦȔȕȐ ꢀ

Ș ꢀ ȑȕȓȈȏȔȏȗȕȉȇȔȔȕȐ ȖȌȞȣȥ ꢀ

ȖȌȞȣȥ ꢁꢀ

ꢂ ȑȇȓȌȔȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȊȒȏȔȇ ꢃꢁꢀ X-XI ȉȌȑȇ ꢂ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȎȌȓȒȦȔȑȇ ꢁꢀ

VI ² VII ȉȉ ꢂ

X ȉȌȑ ꢂ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȍȏȒȏȠȇ

VI ȉȌȑ

VII ȉȌȑ

VIII ȉȌȑ

IX ȉȌȑ

X ȉȌȑ

XI ȉȌȑ

ŤƆƅƋƚ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǶȕȘȌȒȑȏ ꢀ ȗȇȘȖȕȒȇȊȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȕȈȢȞȔȕ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȈȌȗȌȊȇȓ ꢀ ȗȌȑ

ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗ .

Ƕȕ - ȉȏȋȏȓȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȘȌȒȌȔȏȐ ꢀ ȘȕȘșȇȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ

ȕȋȔȚ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȚ ꢂꢀ ǩ ꢀ ȖȕȒȣȎȚ ꢀ

șȇȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȒȕȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

Ȋȕȉȕȗȏș ꢀ ȊȗȚȖȖȏȗȕȉȑȇ ꢀ

ȋȗȌȉȔȏȜ ꢀ ȊȕȗȕȋȏȠ ꢀ

ªȊȔȌȎȋȇȓȏ« ,

ȗȇȎȋȌȒȌȔȔȢȓȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȘȘșȕȦȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȔȌȘȑȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ

ȋȌȘȦșȑȕȉ ꢀ ȑȏȒȕȓȌșȗȕȉ ꢂꢀ

ǩȔȚșȗȏ ªȊȔȌȎȋȇ « ꢀ ȖȕȘȌȒȑȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȘȖȕȒȇȊȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȎȔȇȞȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ

ȈȒȏȍȌ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȚ ꢂ

ǷȌȑȕȔȘșȗȚȑȝȏȦ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȔȏ ꢀ X ȉ ꢁꢀ ǶȕȘȌȒȕȑ ꢀ DzȥȈȢșȏȔȕ ꢁꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȕȈȒ ꢂ

ťžƋƝƐƆƝ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕ - ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ ² ȕȘȌȋȒȢȐ Ȕȇȗȕȋ ꢂꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗ ꢁ

ǶȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ǪȒȇȉȔȢȓ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦșȏȌȓ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ .

ȗȇȒ

ȖȕȋȘȌȞȔȕ - ȕȊȔȌȉȕȐ ꢀ

ȘȏȘșȌȓȢ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȦ ꢁ

Ƕȗȏ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9,, -VIII ȉȉ ꢁ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȌȠȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǴȌȓȇȔ

ȎȔȇȒȏ ꢀ șȗȌȜȖȕȒȣȦ .

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȇȦ

ǫȉȏȔȇ

ǫȉȚȖȕȒȣȌ Ț ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȖȕȦȉȒȦȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9,,, ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ² ȏ ꢀ

șȕ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉȌȎȋȌ ꢂ

ǩȕȘșȕȞ

ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȇ

ǺȗȇȒ

ǩȏȘȒȇ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ǵȋȌȗ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȌ ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕ - ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȢ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȒȇ ꢀ ȖȕȋȘȌȞȔȕ - ȕȊȔȌȉȇȦ ꢀ ȘȏȘșȌȓȇ ꢀ ªȑȕȞȌȉȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȦ« ꢁꢀ

ȅȊ ꢁ

ǫȔȌȘșȗ

ȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȕȗȌ

ǶȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȒȕȍȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘȏȘșȌȓȢ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȦ ꢁ

DZȇȗȖȇșȢ

ǫȚȔȇȐ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȥȊȌ ȖȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȒȇ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȒȕȍȔȇȦ ꢀ ȘȏȘșȌȓȇ ꢁ

ǨȇȒȑȇȔȢ

ǵȘȔȕȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȌȒȣȘȑȕȜȕȎȦȐȘșȌȔȔȢȌ ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȢ ꢀ ² ȦȞȓȌȔȣ ꢄꢀ

ȖȗȕȘȕ ꢄꢀ ȖȟȌȔȏȝȇ ꢁ

ůƆƏƐƃƊƙ ꢀ ƅƃƊƉƃƂƃƉƆƝ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕ - ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǮȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ

ǸȌȉȌȗ ꢁ

ǶȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȘȌȞȔȕ - ȕȊȔȌȉȕȐ ꢀ

ȘȏȘșȌȓȢ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȦ ꢁ

ȗȇȒ

ǶȕȋȘȌȞȔȕ - ȕȊȔȌȉȕȌ

ǶȌȗȌȒȕȍȔȕȌ

ꢈꢄꢀ ǶȕȋȗȚȈȏșȣ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȣȦ

ꢉꢄꢀ ǩȢȍȌȞȣ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȣȦ

ꢈꢄꢀ ǩȢȍȌȞȣ ꢀ șȗȇȉȚ

ꢉꢄꢀ ǩȎȗȢȜȒȏșȣ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȥ

ꢊꢄꢀ ǶȕȘȌȦșȣ ꢀ ȎȌȗȔȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȕȒȚ

ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǴȌȓȇȔ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȇȦ

ǫȉȏȔȇ

ꢊꢄꢀ ǩȢȑȕȗȞȌȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȑȕȗȔȏ

ꢋꢄꢀ ǩȎȗȢȜȒȏșȣ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȥ

ꢌꢄꢀ ǶȕȘȌȦșȣ ꢀ ȎȌȗȔȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȕȒȚ

ꢍꢄꢀ ǯȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȕȑ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȠȌȔȏȦ ꢀꢍ ² ꢎꢀ ȒȌș

ꢏꢄꢀ ǺȞȇȘșȕȑ ꢀ ȎȇȈȗȇȘȢȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

15 ² ꢉꢐꢀ ȒȌș

ꢋꢄꢀ ǯȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȕȑ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȠȌȔȏȦ ꢀꢊ ² ꢋꢀ Ȋȕȋȇ

ꢌꢄꢀ ǺȞȇȘșȕȑ ꢀ ȎȇȈȗȇȘȢȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ȉȕȘȘșȇȔȕȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȖȒȕȋȕȗȕȋȏȦ ꢀ

ꢃ ȕș ꢀꢉꢀ ȋȕ ꢀꢎꢀ ȒȌș ꢄ

ǩȕȘșȕȞ

ǬȉȗȕȖȌȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȏȔȇ

ǺȗȇȒ

ǩȏȘȒȇ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ǵȋȌȗ

ȅȊ ꢁ

ǫȔȌȘșȗ

ȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȕȗȌ

ǶȗȌȕȈȒȇȋȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌȒȕȍȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘȏȘșȌȓȢ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȦ ꢁ

ǷȇȘȞȏȘșȑȇ ꢀ ȒȌȘȇ ꢀ șȗȌȈȕȉȇȒȇ ꢀ ȕȊȗȕȓȔȢȜ ꢀ ȚȘȏȒȏȐ ꢁꢀ Ȏȇșȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȉȢȌ ꢀ ȊȕȋȢ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȦ ꢀ ȋȇȉȇȒȇ ꢀ ȉȢȘȕȑȏȌ ꢀ Țȗȕȍȇȏ ꢂꢀ ǴȇȘșȕȦȠȌȐ ꢀ

ȖȇȜȕșȢ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȘȌȑȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȒȕȊȌ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉȌȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ² ȎȌȓȒȥ ꢀ

Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ ȗȢȜȒȏȒȏ ꢀ ȈȕȗȕȔȕȐ , ȘȓȌȟȏȉȇȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȎȕȒȕȐ ꢂꢀ

DZȇȗȖȇșȢ

ǫȚȔȇȐ

ǨȇȒȑȇȔȢ

ªDZȕȞȌȉȇȦ« ꢀ ȕȗȊȇȔȏȎȇȝȏȦ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȦ ꢀ ȉȢȔȚȍȋȇȒȇ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ

ȖȕȘșȌȖȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȕȘȉȇȏȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȕșȋȇȒȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ .

5

6

1 - ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȊȗȇȈȒȏ ꢀ ;,,²;9 ꢀ ȉȉ ꢂ

6 ² ǨȕȗȕȔȇ - ȘȚȑȕȉȇșȑȇ .

2 - ǫȗȌȉȔȌȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȘȌȗȖȢ ꢀ ;²;,,, ꢀ ȉȉ ꢂ

3 - DZȕȘȇ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȗȚȑȕȦșȣȥ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ȉȌȑ ꢂ

4 - DZȕȘȢ ꢀ X ²;,,, ꢀ ȉȉ ꢂ

ǹȇȑȕȐ ꢀ ȈȕȗȕȔȕȐ ꢀ ȗȢȜȒȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉȌȗȜȔȏȐ ꢀ ȘȒȕȐ ꢀ

5 ² ǸȕȜȏ .

ȖȕȞȉȢ ꢁꢀ ȚȋȕȈȗȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȎȕȒȕȐ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

6 ² ǷȇȒȕ .

ȉȢȍȏȊȇȔȏȦ ꢀ șȗȇȉȢ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȣȌȉ ꢂ

ǮȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȞȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȏȔȘșȗȚȓȌȔșȢ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢁ

ǫȌȗȌȉȦȔȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȖȒȚȊ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ

țȕșȕȊȗȇțȏȦ ꢂ

ťžƋƝƐƆƝ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ 9,, - ; ꢀ ƀƀ ꢂ

ǮȇȔȦșȏȦ ꢀ

ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔ

ǮȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ

ǵȜȕșȇ

ǷȢȈȕȒȕȉȘșȉȕ

ǸȑȕșȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ

ǨȕȗșȔȏȞȌȘșȉȕ

ǶȚȟȔȏȔȇ ꢉ

ȆȞȓȌȔȣ

Ƿȕȍȣ

ǨȌȒȑȇ

ǶȟȌȔȏȝȇ

ǶȗȕȘȕ

ǵȉȌȘ

DZȗȚȖȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȕȊȇșȢȐ ꢀ

Șȑȕș

Dzȕȟȇȋȏ

ǷȌȞȔȇȦ ꢀ ȗȢȈȇ

DZȚȔȏȝȇ

dzȧȋ ꢀ ȋȏȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȞȌȒ

ǸȕȈȕȒȣ

DzȏȘȏȝȇ

ǸȉȏȔȣȏ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ ȇȑșȏȉȔȕ ꢀ ȕȘȉȇȏȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȒȌȘȔȢȌ ꢀ ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȇ ꢁꢀ ȎȇȔȏȓȇȦȘȣ ꢀ ȕȜȕșȕȐ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȚȟȔȢȜ ꢀ ȎȉȌȗȌȐ ꢀꢃ ȈȌȒȑȚ ꢁꢀ ȑȚȔȏȝȚ ꢁꢀ

ȘȕȈȕȒȦ ).

ǨȕȗșȔȏȞȌȘșȉȕ ² Ȥșȕ ꢀ ȒȌȘȔȕȌ ꢀ ȖȞȌȒȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ ꢀꢃ ȘȕȈȏȗȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȓȌȋȇ ꢀ ȋȏȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȞȌȒ ꢄꢁꢀ ȘȉȕȌȕȈȗȇȎȔȇȦ ꢀ țȕȗȓȇ ꢀ ȕȜȕșȢ ꢂꢀ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȚȘșȇȔȇȉȒȏȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȒȌȘȚ ꢀ Ȉȕȗșȏ ꢃ ȑȕȒȕȋȢ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȖȞȌȒ ꢄꢂ

ǴȌȚȋȏȉȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȍȏȉȦ ꢀ ȉȋȕȒȣ ꢀ ȟȏȗȕȑȏȜ ꢀ ȗȌȑ ꢁꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȎȇȔȏȓȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȗȢȈȕȒȕȉȘșȉȕȓ ꢁꢀ

ŮƃƉƆƁƆƝ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦșȏȦ ꢀ ȜȗȏȘșȏȇȔȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȦȎȢȞȔȏȑȇȓȏ . ȆȎȢȞȌȘșȉȕ ȖȕȋȗȇȎȚȓȌȉȇȌș ꢀ

ȓȔȕȊȕȈȕȍȏȌ ꢂꢀ ǩ ꢀ șȇȈȒȏȝȌ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȒȌȔȢ ꢀ ȔȌȑȕșȕȗȢȌ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȈȕȊȕȉ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢇ

ǨȕȊ

ǵȖȏȘȇȔȏȌ

ǶȌȗȚȔ

ǨȕȊ - ȊȗȕȓȕȉȌȗȍȌȝ

ǨȕȊ ꢀ ȖȒȕȋȕȗȕȋȏȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȕȒȔȌȞȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȘȉȌșȇ

ǫȇȍȣȈȕȊ

ǨȕȊȏȔȦ ꢀ ȖȗȦȋȌȔȏȦ ꢁꢀ șȑȇȞȌȘșȉȇ ꢁꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȇ

dzȕȑȕȟȣ

ǩȌȒȌȘ

ǶȕȑȗȕȉȏșȌȒȣ ꢀ ȘȑȇȎȏșȌȒȌȐ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȤȎȏȏ

ǨȕȊ - ȑȚȎȔȌȝ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȑȗȕȉȏșȌȒȣ ꢀ ȕȊȔȦ

ǸȉȇȗȕȊ

ǸșȗȏȈȕȊ

ǼȕȗȘ

ǨȕȊ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȌ ȉȖȕȒȔȌ ꢀ ȦȘȔȢȓȏ ꢀ țȚȔȑȝȏȦȓȏ ꢀꢃ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȒȕȍȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ² ȈȕȊ ꢀ ȉȌșȗȇ ꢄ

ǨȕȊ ꢀ ȘȕȒȔȝȇ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢁꢀ ȈȚȋȚȞȏ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȝȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȕȍȌȘșȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȥ ꢁꢀ ȔȌȈȕ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȒȔȝȌ ꢁꢀ ȗȌȑȏ ꢂ

ǨȕȊȇȓ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȉȕȎȔȕȘȏȒȏ ꢀ ȓȕȒȏșȉȢ ꢁꢀ ȕȘȚȠȌȘșȉȒȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȍȌȗșȉȕȖȗȏȔȕȟȌȔȏȦ ꢂ

ȆȎȢȞȌȘȑȏȜ ꢀ Ȝȗȇȓȕȉ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘșȗȕȏȒȏ ꢂꢀ Ǯȇșȕ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ ȘȕȎȋȇȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȦȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȇȓȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȏȋȕȒȢ ꢂꢀ ǩȖȗȕȞȌȓ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȔȇȘ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȏȋȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ȖȕȞșȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȋȕȟȒȕ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȘȒȌȋȚȥȠȏȐ ꢂ ȘȒȇȐȋ ꢃꢁ

ǮȈȗȚȞȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏȋȕȒ ꢁ

ǵȑȕȒȕ ꢀ ; ꢀ ȉȌȑȇ ꢂ

DZȇȓȌȔȣ ꢂꢀ ǩȢȘȕșȇ ꢀꢉꢁꢍꢏꢀ ȓ ꢂꢀ ǧȗȜȌȕȒȕȊȏȞȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȓȚȎȌȐ ꢁꢀ DZȗȇȑȕȉ ꢂ

ǬȋȏȔȘșȉȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȋȕȘșȕȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȈȕȍȌȘșȉȇ .

ǴȇȐȋȌȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢈꢎꢋꢎꢀ Ȋ ꢂꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗ ꢂꢀ

ǮȈȗȚȞ ꢀꢃ Ȗȗȏșȕȑ ꢀ ǫȔȌȘșȗȇ ꢄꢀ

ȈȒȏȎ ꢀ Ȋ ꢂꢀ ǹȌȗȔȕȖȕȒȦ .

ǾȌșȢȗȌȜȊȗȇȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȈ ꢀ

ȉȢȘȕșȕȐ ꢀꢉꢁꢍꢏꢀ ȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȘȌȗȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏȎȉȌȘșȔȦȑȇ .

ǸșȕȒȈ ꢀ ȗȇȎȋȌȒȌȔ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȗȏ ꢀ

ȦȗȚȘȇ ꢁꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȇȍȋȕȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ ȉȢȘȌȞȌȔȢ ꢀ

ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȦ .

ǴȏȍȔȏȐ ꢀ ȦȗȚȘ ꢀ

ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȇȌș ꢀ ȖȕȋȎȌȓȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȈȕȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȘȗȌȋȔȏȐ ꢀ ²

ȓȏȗ ꢀ ȒȥȋȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȉȌȗȜȔȏȐ ꢀ ²

ȈȕȊȕȉ

ǮȈȗȚȞȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏȋȕȒ ꢁ

ǵȑȕȒȕ ꢀ ; ꢀ ȉȌȑȇ ꢂ

DZȇȓȌȔȣ ꢂꢀ ǩȢȘȕșȇ ꢀꢉꢁꢍꢏꢀ ȓ ꢂꢀ ǧȗȜȌȕȒȕȊȏȞȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȓȚȎȌȐ ꢁꢀ DZȗȇȑȕȉ ꢂ

ǬȋȏȔȘșȉȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȋȕȘșȕȉȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȈȕȍȌȘșȉȇ .

ǴȇȐȋȌȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢈꢎꢋꢎꢀ Ȋ ꢂꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗ ꢂꢀ

ǮȈȗȚȞ ꢀꢃ Ȗȗȏșȕȑ ꢀ ǫȔȌȘșȗȇ ꢄꢀ

ȈȒȏȎ ꢀ Ȋ ꢂꢀ ǹȌȗȔȕȖȕȒȦ .

ǾȌșȢȗȌȜȊȗȇȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȈ ꢀ

ȉȢȘȕșȕȐ ꢀꢉꢁꢍꢏꢀ ȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȘȌȗȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏȎȉȌȘșȔȦȑȇ .

ǸȜȌȓȇ ꢀ ȗȌȒȣȌțȕȉ ꢁꢀ

ȚȑȗȇȟȇȥȠȏȜ ꢀ ȑȇȍȋȚȥ ꢀ

ȘșȕȗȕȔȚ ꢀ ȘșȇșȚȏ ꢂꢀ

ǸșȕȒȈ ꢀ ȗȇȎȋȌȒȌȔ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȗȏ ꢀ

ȦȗȚȘȇ ꢁꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȇȍȋȕȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ ȉȢȘȌȞȌȔȢ ꢀ

ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȦ .

ǴȏȍȔȏȐ ꢀ ȦȗȚȘ ꢀ

ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȇȌș ꢀ ȖȕȋȎȌȓȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȈȕȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȘȗȌȋȔȏȐ ꢀ ²

ȓȏȗ ꢀ ȒȥȋȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȉȌȗȜȔȏȐ ꢀ ²

ȈȕȊȕȉ

ŮƃƉƆƁƆƝ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǫȒȦ ꢀ ȓȕȒȏșȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȍȌȗșȉȕȖȗȏȔȕȟȌȔȏȐ ꢀ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȘȖȌȝȏȇȒȣȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȉȦșȏȒȏȠȇ ꢁꢀ

ȓȌȘșȇ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȚȘșȇȔȕȉȑȏ ꢀ ȏȋȕȒȕȉ ꢀ ² ȑȇȖȏȠȇ ꢂꢀ ǵȔȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȈȕȐ ꢀ ȋȌȗȌȉȦȔȔȢȌ ꢁꢀ ȎȌȓȒȦȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȑȇȓȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȕȕȗȚȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȕȎȉȢȟȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȓȌȘșȇȜ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȔȇȘȢȖȦȜ ꢂ

ǷȇȎȉȏșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȍȗȌȞȌȘșȉȇ Ț ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢂꢀ Ǵȕ ꢀ

ȍȗȌȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȌȋȇȉȟȏȌ ꢀ ȕșȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ȑȚȒȣșȇ ꢁꢀ

ȈȢȒȏ ꢂꢀ ǵȔȏ ꢀ ȏȓȌȔȕȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉȕȒȜȉȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȑȚȋȌȘȔȏȑȇȓȏ ꢁ

Ǻ ꢀ ȕșȋȌȒȣȔȢȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȘșȇȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ

ȈȕȍȌȘșȉȇȜ ꢀ ȘȏȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȗȇȎȒȏȞȇȒȏȘȣ ꢂꢀ Dzȥȋȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȞȏșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȗȌȍȋȌ ꢀ ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȑȗȕȉȏșȌȒȌȐ ꢀ ȘȉȕȏȜ ꢀ

ȎȇȔȦșȏȐ ꢇꢀ ȖȇȘșȚȜ ꢀ ² ǩȌȒȌȘȇ ꢁꢀ ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȏȑ ꢀ ²

ǸȉȇȗȕȊȇ ꢁꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑ ꢀ ² ǶȌȗȚȔȇ ꢂꢀ ǩȌȗȜȕȉȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȈȕȊȇ ꢁꢀ ȝȇȗȦ ꢀ ȈȕȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȋȕȈȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ǮȌȉȘȚ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȘȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ǵȋȏȔȚ ꢁꢀ Ț ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢂ

ǶȗȌȋȖȕȒȇȊȇȌȓȕȌ ꢀ ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

dzȕȑȕȟȏ . ǷȚȘȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȉȢȟȏȉȑȇ ꢂꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗ ꢂꢀ

ǴȇȞȇȒȕ ꢀ ;,; ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

ǮȈȗȚȞȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏȋȕȒ ꢁ

ǵȑȕȒȕ ꢀ X ȉ ꢂ

ůƐƎƑƈƐƑƎž ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƌƏƉžƀƝƋƏƈƌƁƌ ꢀ ƌſƗƃƏƐƀž

DZ ꢀ 9,,, ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ Ț ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȘțȕȗȓȏȗȕȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏȔȘșȏșȚșȢ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȏ ꢂ

ǩȕ ꢀ ȊȒȇȉȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ ȔȇȜȕȋȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ² ȉȕȍȋȣ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȏ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȇ ꢀ

ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȎȋȔȌȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ² ȔȇȘȒȌȋȘșȉȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȏșȌȒȣ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢀ

ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȕȈȒȇȘșȌȐ .

DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȚȖȗȇȉȒȦȒ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȖȏȗȇȦȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȚ . ǫȗȚȍȏȔȇ ²

ȊȗȚȖȖȇ ꢀ ȈȕȌȉȢȜ ꢀ ȘȕȗȇșȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȘșȇȉȒȦȉȟȇȦ ꢀ Ȧȋȗȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȦȉȒȦȉȟȇȦȘȦ ꢀ ȕȖȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȚȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕȓ ꢂꢀ

ǫȗȚȍȏȔȇ ꢀ ȋȌȒȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȈȕȦȗȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȌșȘȑȚȥ ꢁꢀ ǨȕȦȗȌ ² ȘșȇȗȟȏȌ ꢀ

ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢁꢀ ȋȌșȏ ꢀ ȈȕȦȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ꢃ ȉȜȕȋȏȉȟȏȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȋȌșȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȚ ꢄꢀ ²

ȓȒȇȋȟȏȌ ꢂ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀꢃ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9,,, - ;, ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȗȌȉȢȟȇȒȕ ꢀ 1,5

șȢȘȦȞȏ ꢂ ȞȌȒȕȉȌȑ ꢄꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȗȌȎȏȋȌȔȝȏȦȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȕ -

ȗȌȓȌȘȒȌȔȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȝȌȔșȗȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǪȕȗȕȋȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȘȕȘșȇȉȒȦȒȕ ꢀ

ȕȈȠȏȔȚ ꢁꢀ ȉȇȍȔȌȐȟȏȌ ꢀ ȋȌȒȇ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȗȌȟȇȒȕ ꢀ ȔȇȗȕȋȔȕȌ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ²

ȉȌȞȌ . ǩȌȞȌ ² ȔȇȗȕȋȔȕȌ ꢀ ȘȕȈȗȇȔȏȌ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢂꢀ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȕȐ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ǸțȭȕȪ

ǩȕȍȋȣ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȏ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȇ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ Ț ꢀ

ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢅꢀ ȖȕȎȋȔȌȌ ꢀ ȔȇȘȒȌȋȘșȉȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȖȗȇȉȏșȌȒȣ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȕȈȒȇȘșȌȐ ꢂ

DzȞȡȔȖțȎ

ǪȗȚȖȖȇ ꢀ ȈȕȌȉȢȜ ꢀ ȘȕȗȇșȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ,

ȘȕȘșȇȉȒȦȉȟȇȦ ꢀ Ȧȋȗȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȦȉȒȦȉȟȇȦȘȦ ꢀ ȕȖȕȗȕȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȚȖȗȇȉȒȌȔȏȏ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕȓ ꢂ

ǸșȗȚȑșȚȗȇ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȇ ꢁ

ǸȜȌȓȇ ꢂ

DzȓȠȟȘȎȭ

ǯȜȭȞȟȘȎȭ

ǨȕȦȗȌ ꢀ ² ȘșȇȗȟȏȌ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢂ

ǫȌșȏ ꢀ ȈȕȦȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ² ȓȒȇȋȟȏȌ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢂ

ǽșȓȚȭ

ꢃ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎ ꢄ

ǿȚȓȞȒȩ

DzȏȞȔȕ ꢀ ȘȉȕȈȕȋȔȢȌ ꢀ ȞȒȌȔȢ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȏ ꢂꢀ

ǸșȌȖȌȔȣ ꢀ ȘȉȕȈȕȋȢ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗȋȕȉ ꢀ ² ȒȏȞȔȕȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȤȑȕȔȕȓȏȞȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ² ȕȘȖȇȗȏȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȗȏȞȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȔȇȚȑȌ ꢂꢀ

ȃȜșȜȝȩ

ǮȇȉȏȘȏȓȢȌ ꢀ ȞȒȌȔȢ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȏ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȈȢ ꢂ

ǸȓȌȗȋȢ - ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȝȢ ꢀ ȕȈȡȌȋȏȔȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȕȈȠȏȔȚ ꢀ ² ȉȌȗȉȣ .

ŭƑƐƚ ꢀ Ɔƅ ꢀ ƀžƎƝƁ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƁƎƃƈƆ

ǻȏȔȔ ȚȊȗȢ

ǴȌȉȇ

ǩȇȗ

DzȇȋȕȊȇ

ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ

ǩȕȒȜȕȉ

ǵȘȕȈȚȥ ꢀ ȗȕȒȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȍȏȎȔȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȏȊȗȇȒ ꢀ

șȕȗȊȕȉȢȐ ꢀ ȖȚșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǸȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȏȏ ȉ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȥ

( ȖȚșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ ꢃꢁ

ǻȏȔȔ ȚȊȗȢ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǸȒȕȉȌȔȌ

ȏȒȣȓȌȔȘȑȏȌ

ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑ

ǶȘ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǷȕȘșȕȉ

dzȚȗȕȓ

ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

DZȗȏȉȏȞȏ

ǨȇȒșȢ

Ǯ

ǫȉȏȔȇ

ǨȚȒȊȇȗ

ǶȕȒȕȝȑ

ǵȑȇ

ȉȕȒȕȑȕȓ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢉ

ǴȌȓȇȔ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘȑ

ǻȏȔȔ ȚȊȗȢ

ªǶȚșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǩȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȚ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȌȗȜ ꢀ

ǫȔȌȖȗȇ ꢀ ȉȕȒȕȑ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ Dzȕȉȕșȏ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ Dzȕȉȕșȏ ȉȔȏșȏ ȉ ꢀ

ǯȒȣȓȌȔȣ - ȕȎȌȗȕ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢁꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗȇ ꢀ ȖȕșȌȞȌșȣ

ǩȕȒȜȕȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉșȌȞȌșȣ ȉ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗȕ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȕȌ ꢀ ǴȌȉȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȕȊȕ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗȇ ꢀ

ȉȔȏȋȌșȣ ȚȘșȣȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢀ ǩȇȗȦȍȘȑȕȌ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ șȕȓȚ ꢀ ȓȕȗȥ ꢀ

ȏșȏ ȋȕ ꢀ Ƿȏȓȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ Ƿȏȓȇ ꢀ Ȗȗȏșȏ Ȗȕ ꢀ șȕȓȚ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȥ ꢀ ȑȕ ꢀ

ǽȇȗȥȊȕȗȕȋȚ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǽȇȗȦȊȕȗȕȋȇ Ȗȗȏșȏ ȉ ꢀ ǶȕȔș ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȔȌȍȌ ȉșȌȞȌș ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗ ꢀ ȗȌȑȇ« ꢂ

ǩȏȘȒȇ

ǷȇȋȏȓȏȞȏ

ǫȗȌȊȕȉȏȞ

ǹȚȗȕȉ

ǫȌȘȔȇ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉ

ǯȘ

ȃȎȕȎȞȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

ǸȌȉȌȗȦȔȌ

DZȏȌȉ

ǩȕȒȢȔȦȔȌ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǶȚșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ǫȕȔ

ǸȇȗȑȌȒ

ǯșȏȒ

ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ

dzȇȗȟȗȚș ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ ꢉ

ǸȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȕȘșȗȕȉ ꢀ ² ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢀ ²

ǻȏȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȎȇȒȏȉ ꢀ ² ǴȌȉȇ ꢀ ² DzȇȋȕȍȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȕȎȌȗȕ ꢀ ² ǩȕȒȜȕȉ ꢀ ²

ǵȎȌȗȕ ꢀ ǯȒȣȓȌȔȣ ꢀ ² Dzȕȉȇșȣ ² ȉȕȒȕȑȕȓ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȇ ꢀ ²

ǫȔȌȖȗ ꢀ ² ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢀ ² DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ꢂ

DZȕȗȘȚȔȣ

ǫȚȔȇȐ

ǺȘȒȕȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȕȈȕȎȔȇȞȌȔȏȦ

Ǫȕȗȕȋȇ

ǯȜșȑȎȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȤȎȞȟȠȐȜ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǸșȕȒȏȝȢ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉ

ȅȍȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǷȇȐȕȔ ꢀ ȗȇȘȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IX ȉȌȑȌ

ȕȖȕȒȣ

ꢀ

dzȗȇȓȕȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ȄȊȌȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǸșȗȕȦș ꢀ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢁꢀ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǴȏȑȕȒȇȐ ꢀ ǷȌȗȏȜ

ǩȕȒȕȑȚș ꢀ ȉȕȒȕȑȕȓ ꢁ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ǴȏȑȕȒȇȐ ꢀ ǷȌȗȏȜ ꢂꢀ

ŭƑƐƚ ꢀ Ɔƅ ꢀ ƀžƎƝƁ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ ƁƎƃƈƆ

ǻȏȔȔ ȚȊȗȢ

ǴȌȉȇ

ǩȇȗ

DzȇȋȕȊȇ

ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ

ǩȕȒȜȕȉ

ǻȏȔȔ ȚȊȗȢ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǸȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȏȦ

ǸȒȕȉȌȔȌ

ȏȒȣȓȌȔȘȑȏȌ

ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑ

ǶȘ

ǩȕȒȕȑȕȓ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ

ȖȌȗȌșȇȘȑȏȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

Dzȕȉȇșȏ ȉ ꢀ Ȗȗȏșȕȑȏ ꢀ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǷȕȘșȕȉ

dzȚȗȕȓ

ǨȇȒșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

DZȗȏȉȏȞȏ

ǨȇȒșȢ

Ǯ

ǫȉȏȔȇ

ǨȚȒȊȇȗ

ǶȕȒȕȝȑ

ǵȑȇ

ȉȕȒȕȑȕȓ

dzȌȋ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȘȑ ꢁꢀ ȖȚȟȔȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ

ȘȕȒȣ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȔȇ ,

ȋȗȇȊȕȝȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢁꢀ ȟȌȒȑ ꢁꢀ

ǴȌȓȇȔ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘȑ

ǷȇȈȢ ꢁꢀ ȑȕȍȏ ꢁꢀ ȗȢȈȇ ꢁꢀ

ȓȌșȇȒȒȢ ꢁꢀ ȦȔșȇȗȣ ꢀ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ǫȉȏȔȢ ,

ȕșșȚȋȇ ꢀ ² ȉ ꢀ Ȗȗȏșȕȑȏ ꢀ

ǫȔȌȖȗȇ ꢂꢀ ǫȇȒȌȌ ꢀ

ȖȒȢȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȚ

ȉȔȏȎ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ

ǻȏȔȔ ȚȊȗȢ

ǩȏȘȒȇ

ǷȇȋȏȓȏȞȏ

ȖȇȗȞȇ

ǫȗȌȊȕȉȏȞ

ǹȚȗȕȉ

ǫȌȘȔȇ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉ

ǯȘ

ȃȎȕȎȞȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

ǸȌȉȌȗȦȔȌ

DZȏȌȉ

DZȏȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ

ǩȕȒȢȔȦȔȌ

ǩȕȒȊȇ

ǶȚșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ

ǫȔȌȖȗ

ǩ ꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȇȜ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȎȊȗȚȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ǫȕȔ

ǸȇȗȑȌȒ

ǯșȏȒ

ǧȎȕȉȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǵȗȚȍȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ

ȋȗȇȊȕȝȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢁ

ȟȌȒȑ ꢁꢀ ȖȇȗȞȇ

ȖȗȕȉȕȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ȈȌȞȌȉȕȐ ꢀ

ȉȋȕȒȣ ꢀ ȈȌȗȌȊȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȊȗȚȎȢ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȔȕȘȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȈȌȗȌȊȕȓ ꢂꢀ

dzȌȋ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȘȑ ꢁꢀ ȓȌȜȇ ꢁꢀ

ȑȕȍȏ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȈȢ

ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ

DZȕȗȘȚȔȣ

ǫȚȔȇȐ

ǺȘȒȕȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȕȈȕȎȔȇȞȌȔȏȦ

Ǫȕȗȕȋȇ

ǯȜșȑȎȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȤȎȞȟȠȐȜ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǸșȕȒȏȝȢ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȏȦ

ȅȍȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǷȇȐȕȔ ꢀ ȗȇȘȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IX ȉȌȑȌ

ȕȖȕȒȣ

ꢀ

dzȗȇȓȕȗȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ȄȊȌȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȓȕȗȌ

ŠƃƉƆƈƆƇ ꢀ ŠƌƉƄƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƍƑƐƚ

ǸȇȓȢȓ ꢀ ȗȇȔȔȏȓ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȜ ꢀ ȗȌȞȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȖȚșȌȐ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȕȐ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȢ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȚșȣ ꢁꢀ

Ȅșȕș ꢀ ȖȚșȣ ꢀ ȘȕȌȋȏȔȦȒ ꢀ ǸȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȏȥ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ

ȘșȗȇȔȇȓȏ ꢀ ȇȗȇȈȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȗȇȔȔȌȓ ꢀ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȣȌ ꢂꢀ ǵșȘȥȋȇ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȌ ꢀ

ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȒȍȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ²

ȖȚșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȌȗȘȢ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ ȖȌȗȏȕȋ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȊȕ ꢀ ȗȇȘȝȉȌșȇ ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȕȐ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȕȉȏȔȌ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ . ǩȕȒȍȘȑȏȐ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȢȐ ꢀ

ȖȚșȣ ȕȈȌȘȖȌȞȏȉȇȒ ꢀ ȤȑȕȔȕȓȏȞȌȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȈȒȇȊȕȘȕȘșȕȦȔȏȌ ꢀ șȗȧȜ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȕȈȗȇȎȕȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ² ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ꢂ DZȏȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢃꢀ ȉ

ȉȌȗȜȕȉȣȦȜ , ǩȕȒȍȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȏ ȉ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȐ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȇ ꢀ ȉ ȔȏȎȕȉȣȦȜ ꢀ ǩȕȒȊȏ .

ŰƜƎƈƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƋžƎƌƂƙ ꢀ ŠƌƏƐƌƕƋƌƇ ꢀ ţƀƎƌƍƙ

ǸȕȘȌȋȦȓȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȥȊȕ - ȉȕȘșȕȑȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ șȥȗȑȏ . ǹȥȗȑȏ ² ȕȈȠȌȌ ꢀ ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȕȉ ꢁꢀ

ȉȜȕȋȦȠȏȜ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ șȥȗȑȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȦȎȢȑȕȉȚȥ ꢀ ȊȗȚȖȖȚ ꢀ ȇȒșȇȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȦȎȢȑȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȏ .

ǹȥȗȑȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȗȌȋȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȌȑȇ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǴȇȗȕȋȢ ꢀ șȥȗȑȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȦȎȢȑȕȉȕȐ ꢀ

ȊȗȚȖȖȢ : șȚȗȑȏ ꢁꢂ șȇșȇȗȢ ꢁꢂ

șȚȗȑȓȌȔȢ ꢁꢂ ȚȎȈȌȑȏ ꢁꢂ ȇȎȌȗȈȇȐȋȍȇȔȝȢ ꢁꢂ

ȈȇȟȑȏȗȢ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȎȇȜȏ ꢁꢂ ȑȏȗȊȏȎȢ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȋȗ .

ǩȌȗȕȦșȔȢȌ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȑȏ ꢀ șȥȗȕȑ ² ȊȚȔȔȢ .

ǸȇȓȕȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ªșȥȗȑ« ꢀ ȉȕȎȔȏȑȒȕ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȈȒȏȎȏșȌȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9 ꢀ ȉȌȑȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǧȒșȇȌ ,

ȑȚȋȇ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȊȚȔȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ

ȕșȘșȚȖȏȒȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǮȇȖȇȋȔȕȊȕ ꢀ DZȏșȇȦ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ

ȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ȇȉȇȗ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀ 9, ꢀ ȉȌȑȌ ꢀ șȥȗȑȏ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ ȇȉȇȗ .

ǾȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȇȉȇȗ ꢀ ȈȌȍȇȒȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ

DZȏșȇȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ DZȕȗȌȥ ꢁꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢀ ² Ȕȇ ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȋ ,

Ȕȇ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȐ ꢁ

ŰƜƎƈƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƋžƎƌƂƙ ꢀ ŠƌƏƐƌƕƋƌƇ ꢀ ţƀƎƌƍƙ

ǹȥȗȑȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȘȒȕȍȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9, ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ǵȔ ꢀ ȑȕȔșȗȕȒ DZȇȊȇȔȇȓ ȏȗȕȉȇȒ șȕȗȊȕȉȢȌ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢁꢀ ȘȉȦȎȢȉȇȉȟȏȌ ꢀ ǫȇȒȣȔȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȕȘșȕȑ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ ǸȗȌȋȏȎȌȓȔȕȓȕȗȣȌȓ . ȖȒȇșȏȒ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ DZȏșȇȐ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀ 9,, ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȏȉȇȒ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȥ ȉ ꢀ ȉȕȐȔȌ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ǯȗȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ

ǹȥȗȑȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǩ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇȒȌ ꢀ 9,, ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȘȖȇȒȘȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȢȐ ȏ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȢ ꢀꢂ Șȓ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃꢁ

ǩ ꢀ ȗȌȎȚȒȣșȇșȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȔ ꢀ Ș ꢀ DZȏșȇȌȓ ,

ȉȕȘȘșȇȔȏȦ ꢀ șȥȗȑȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȜ ꢀ țȇȑșȕȗȕȉ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȞȕ -

șȥȗȑȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș

ȖȗȌȑȗȇșȏȒ ꢀ ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ꢆꢈꢊꢀ ȊȕȋȚ ꢀ Ȕ ꢁ Ȥ ꢁ

ǩȕȏȔȢ ꢀ ǹȥȗȑȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȇ .

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

şƌƉƁžƎƙ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ƓžƅžƎƙ

ǮȇȖȇȋȔȕ - șȥȗȑȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢋꢎꢍ -630 ȊȊ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȋȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȊȗȇȔȏȝȌ ꢀ ȉȒȇȋȌȔȏȐ ꢀ

ǹȥȗȑȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ǿșȎȐȭțȓ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȢ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȇ ꢀ ȕȈȏșȇȒȏ ꢀ

șȥȗȑȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ

ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ȏ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗ .

ȎȝȎȒț ȠȬȞȘȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

DZȕȊȋȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ VII ȉ ꢁꢀ

ȗȇȘȖȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ǮȇȖȇȋȔȕ -

șȥȗȑȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ,

ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗȇȓȏ

ȏ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗȇȓȏ

ǸȖȠȎȗ

ȔȇȞȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȑȕȔțȒȏȑșȢ ꢀ ȏȎ - Ȏȇ ꢀ

șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȍȏȉȇȔȏȦ ꢂꢀ

Ţƀƃ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƆ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƈžƁžƋžƐ

Ɏɢɧɧɵ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȢ ȉ ꢀ 630- Ȝ ꢀ

ȊȊ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣȥ ꢀ

ȜȇȔȇ ꢀ DZȚȈȗȇșȇ

ȘȕȎȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȚȥ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢁ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

ȼɚɪɹɝɢ ꢀ

ꢁ ɜɢɤɢɧɝɢ ꢂ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ɇɟɜɚ

Ɏɢɧ

ɭɝɪɵ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ɋɜɟɜɵ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ȼɚɥɬɵ

ȼɨɥɝɚ

ɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ⱦɚɧɵ

Ʉɚɦɚ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɟ ꢀ

ɫɥɚɜɹɧɟ

ǼȇȎȇȗȢ ȉ ꢀ Șȉȕȥ ꢀ

ȕȞȌȗȌȋȣ ꢀ ȘȕȎȋȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș .

Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɵɟ ꢀ

ɫɥɚɜɹɧɟ

ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɹ

ɧɝɥɵ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɫɚɤɫɵ

Ʌɸɛɟɱ

ɋɥɚɜɹɧɟ

Ɋɟɣɧ

Ʉɢɟɜ

Ɇɚɣɧɰ

Ʌɚ - Ɇɚɧɲ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

ǵȎȝ

ȠȬȞȘȟȘ

ȎȑȎțȎȠ

Ɋɟɣɦɫ

ɉɚɪɢɠ

ɍɪɚɥ

ǯȞȓȠȎțȪ

ɏɚɡɚɪɵ

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȘȓȌȗșȏ ꢀ

DZȚȈȗȇșȇ ȜȇȎȇȗȢ ꢀ

ȔȇȖȇȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǩȌȒȏȑȚȥ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ǸȜȞȜșȓȐȟȠȐȜ ꢀ

ȢȞȎțȘȜȐ

ɋɚɪɤɟ

ɇɚɧɬ

ɂɬɢɥɶ

Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɵ

ɘɠɧɵɟ ꢀ

ɫɥɚɜɹɧɟ

Ⱥɡɨɜɫɤɨɟ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ɍɦɭɬɚɪɚɤɚɧɶ

Ʌɢɨɧ

Ȼɢɫɤɚɣɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɇɢɥɚɧ

Ɋɚɜɟɧɧɚ

Ȼɨɪɞɨ

ɏɟɪɫɨɧɟɫ

Ⱦɭɧɚɣ

ǽȎȝȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

Ȝȏș ꢁ

Ɇɚɪɫɟɥɶ

ɑɟɪɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ǮȟȠȡȞȖȭ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱥɛɯɚɡɵ

Ⱥɞɪɢɚɧɨɩɨɥɶ

ȉȢȔȚȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ

ȖȕȑȏȔȚșȣ ꢀ

șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȥ ꢀ

Ɋɢɦ

ǯȓțȓȐȓțȠȜ

ǸȜȞȒȜȐȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȫȚȖȞȎȠ

Ɍɨɥɟɞɨ

Ȼɚɪɫɟɥɨɧɚ

Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɩɨɥɶ

ɇɢɤɟɹ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟ Ȏȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

Ɏɟɫɫɚɥɨɧɢɤɚ

ɇɟɚɩɨɥɶ

Ɍɢɪɪɟɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ɂɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ɋɟɞɠɨ

ȼɚɥɟɧɫɢɹ

ɋɟɜɢɥɶɹ

ɉɚɥɟɪɦɨ

Ʉɚɪɮɚɝɟɧ

Ⱥɮɢɧɵ

Ʉɨɪɞɨɜɚ

Ʉɚɪɬɚɯɟɧɚ

ɗɝɟɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǶȗȏȇȎȕȉȣȦ .

ǮȏȎȟȟȖȒȩ

Ⱥɧɬɢɨɯɢɹ

ɋɪɟɞɢɡɟɦɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ Ʉɢɩɪ

ǶȒȞȖȟȖȒȩ

Ȼɚɝɞɚɞ

Ţƀƃ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƆ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƈžƁžƋžƐ

ǾȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ꢀ

ȕșȑȕȞȌȉȇȒȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǫȚȔȇȐ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏȒȕ

ȘȌȈȌ ꢀ ȓȌȘșȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȥȍȔȕȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȣȞȌȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢂꢀ

Ɏɢɧɧɵ

Ʌɚɞɨɝɚ

ȼɚɪɹɝɢ ꢀ

ꢁ ɜɢɤɢɧɝɢ ꢂ

Ȼɟɥɨɨɡɟɪɨ

ɇɟɜɚ

ɭɝɪɵ

Ɏɢɧ

ɗɫɬɵ

ɇɨɜɝɨɪɨɞ

ɉɫɤɨɜ

Ɏɢɧ

ɭɝɪɵ

ɂɡɛɨɪɫɤ

ɋɜɟɜɵ

Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ

Ȼɚɥɬɵ

ȼɨɥ

ɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

Ȼɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ɉɨɥɨɰɤ

Ⱦɚɧɵ

Ɇɭɪɨɦ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ

Ȼɭɥɝɚɪ

ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɟ ꢀ

ɫɥɚɜɹɧɟ

ǩȕȎȔȏȑȒȕ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȝȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢁ

Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɵɟ ꢀ

ɫɥɚɜɹɧɟ

ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɹ

ɧɝɥɵ ꢀ ɢ ꢀ ɫɚɤɫɵ

Ʌɸɛɟɱ

ɋɥɚɜɹɧɟ

Ɋɟɣɧ

Ʉɢɟɜ

Ɇɚɣɧɰ

Ʌɚ - Ɇɚɧɲ

Ⱦɧɟɩɪ

Ɋɟɣɦɫ

ɉɚɪɢɠ

ȗ ꢀ

ɪɚɥ

Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɵ

ǯȞȓȠȎțȪ

ǫȗȚȊȇȦ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣ ꢀ

ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ȉ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ

ȕșȑȕȞȌȉȇȒȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȘȌȉȌȗ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǶȗȏȑȇȓȣȌ ,

ȊȋȌ ꢀ ȘȕȎȋȇȒȇ ꢀ

ǸȜȞȜșȓȐȟȠȐȜ ꢀ

ȢȞȎțȘȜȐ

Ⱦɨ

ɇɚɧɬ

ɘɠɧɵɟ ꢀ ɫɥɚɜɹ

ɟ ꢀ

ǯȜșȑȎȞȟȘȜȓ ꢀ

ȤȎȞȟȠȐȜ

Ʌɢɨɧ

Ȼɢɫɤɚɣɫɤɢɣ ꢀ ɡɚɥɢɜ

Ɇɢɥɚɧ

Ɋɚɜɟɧɧɚ

Ɍɦɭɬɚɪɚɤɚɧɶ

Ȼɨɪɞɨ

ɟɪɫɨɧɟɫ

ǽȎȝȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

Ȝȏș ꢁ

Ɇɚɪɫɟɥɶ

ɑɟɪɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

ǮȟȠȡȞȖȭ

Ʉɚɫɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

Ⱥɞɪɢɚɧɨɩɨɥɶ

Ɋɢɦ

ǯȓțȓȐȓțȠȜ

Ⱥɛɯɚɡɵ

ǸȜȞȒȜȐȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȫȚȖȞȎȠ

Ɍɨɥɟɞɨ

Ȼɚɪɫɟɥɨɧɚ

Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɩɨɥɶ

ɇɢɤɟɹ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟ Ȏȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

Ɏɟɫɫɚɥɨɧɢɤɚ

ɇɟɚɩɨɥɶ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ǩȕȒȍȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢀ

( ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȥ ).

Ɍɢɪɪɟɧɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ɂɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ȼɚɥɟɧɫɢɹ

ɋɟɜɢɥɶɹ

ɉɚɥɟɪɦɨ

Ʉɚɪɮɚɝɟɧ

Ɋɟɞɠɨ

Ⱥɮɢɧɵ

Ʉɨɪɞɨɜɚ

Ʉɚɪɬɚɯɟɧɚ

ɗɝɟɣɫɤɨɟ ꢀ

ɦɨɪɟ

ǮȏȎȟȟȖȒȩ

Ⱥɧɬɢɨɯɢɹ

ɋɪɟɞɢɡɟɦɧɨɟ ꢀ ɦɨɪɟ

Ɉ - ɜ ꢀ Ʉɢɩɪ

ǶȒȞȖȟȖȒȩ

Ȼɚɝɞɚɞ

şƌƉƁžƎƏƈƌƃ ꢀ ƔžƎƏƐƀƌ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȌ ȖȗȏȟȌȒȣȝȢ - șȥȗȑȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏȒȏ ꢀ ȓȌȘșȔȕȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȌȓȚ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌ ꢀ ȏȓȦ ꢀ ²

ȈȕȒȊȇȗȢ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȔȦȒȏ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȦȎȢȑ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȚȒȣșȚȗȚ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦȒȏ ꢀ ȜȗȏȘșȏȇȔȘșȉȕ .

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȝȇȗȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ VII-IX ȉȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǻȕȗȓȏȗȕȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ǨȕȒȊȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȝȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ VII ȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

Ţƀƃ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƆ

ǩȕȒȍȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȦ ȉ ꢀ X-XII ȉȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǩȕȒȍȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȦ ȕȘȔȕȉȇȔȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ șȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ

ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ꢀ ȕșȑȕȞȌȉȇȒȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǶȗȏȑȇȓȣȌ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ

ȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗ ꢁ

DZȕȗȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȚȊȗȕ - țȏȔȔȘȑȕȌ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ

ȖȕȋȞȏȔȌȔȕ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗȇȓȏ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȕșșȌȘȔȌȔȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȒȌȘȇ ꢂ

ǪȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȦȎȢȑ ꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȏ ²

șȥȗȑȘȑȏȐ ꢂꢀ ǼȕȎȦȐȘșȉȕ ꢀ ² ȑȕȞȌȉȕȌ ꢀ ȘȑȕșȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ .

ǫȕ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇȒȇ ꢀ Ǽ ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȦ ȖȒȇșȏȒȇ ꢀ

ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗȇȓ ꢁ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢍꢇ - Ȝ ꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǨȚȒȊȇȗȏȦ ȖȗȏȔȦȒȇ ꢀ ȏȘȒȇȓ ꢁ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȇȦ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IX ȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢂ

ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƇ ꢀ

ƈžƁžƋžƐ

ǨȚȒȊȇȗ

dzȚȗȕȓ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǶȕȒȕȝȑ

ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ

ȉȕȎȔȏȑ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9,, ꢀ ȉ ꢁ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘȑ

ǨȇȒșȢ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǸșȕȒȏȝȇ ꢀ ² ǯșȏȒȣ .

ǼȕȎȦȐȘșȉȕ :

ȖȕȒȚȑȕȞȌȉȕȌ ꢀ

DzȥȈȌȞ

ȘȑȕșȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ ,

DZȏȌȉ

ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ș ꢂ Ȟ .

ȘȇȋȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ , ȗȌȓȌȘȒȕ ꢁꢀ

șȕȗȊȕȉȒȦ ꢂ

ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇș

ǸȇȗȑȌȒ

ǯșȏȒȣ

ǪȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ

ȗȌȒȏȊȏȦ ꢀ ² ȏȚȋȇȏȎȓ .

ǸȗȌȋȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȋȇȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȑȇȊȇȔȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ

ȦȎȢȞȔȏȑȏ ꢄꢀ ȜȗȏȘșȏȇȔȌ ꢄꢀ

ȓȚȘȚȒȣȓȇȔȌ ꢁ

ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ

ǯȜșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǸȌȓȌȔȋȌȗ

ǸȚȊȋȌȦ

DZȕȗȘȚȔȣ ꢃ ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘ ꢄ

ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƈžƁžƋžƐ

ǯȎȈȗȇȉ ꢀ ȏȚȋȇȏȎȓ , ș ꢂ Ȍ . ȓȕȔȕșȌȏȘșȏȞȌȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ȗȌȒȏȊȏȥ , ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ȘȓȕȊ ꢀ ȉȕȐșȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȞȏȘȒȕ ꢀ

ȘȗȌȋȔȌȉȌȑȕȉȢȜ ꢀ ȝȏȉȏȒȏȎȇȝȏȐ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢀ

ȘȕȜȗȇȔȏșȣ ꢀ ȘȇȓȕȘșȕȦșȌȒȣȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȕȈȌȏȓ ꢀ ȈȕȗȥȠȏȓȘȦ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȇȓ ꢀ ² ȜȗȏȘșȏȇȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ȏ ꢀ ȏȘȒȇȓȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ǧȗȇȈȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ

ȜȇȒȏțȇșȚ .

ǰȜȟȠȜȥțȩȓ ꢀ

ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǼȇȎȇȗȢ ȉȌȒȏ ꢀ ȚȘȖȌȟȔȢȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȔȢ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȘȕȘȌȋȦȓȏ ꢂꢀ

ǵȔȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏȒȏ ꢀꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢁꢀ ȈȗȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȌȑȕșȕȗȢȜ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ .

DZȕȔșȗȕȒȏȗȚȦ ꢀ ǴȏȍȔȌȌ ꢀ ǶȕȉȕȒȍȣȌ ꢄꢀ ǫȕȔ ꢄꢀ

ǸȌȉȌȗȔȢȐ ꢀ DZȇȉȑȇȎ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǶȗȏȇȎȕȉȣȌ , ȜȇȎȇȗȢ

ȖȗȌȖȦșȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȋȉȏȍȌȔȏȥ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȘșȌȖȏ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȢȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ ²

ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȕȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȊȚȎȕȉ .

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǮȞȎȏȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȣȎșȖȢȎȠ

ǼȇȎȇȗȢ ȖȕȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ȕȘșȇȔȕȉȏșȣ ꢀ ȔȇșȏȘȑ ꢀ

ǧȗȇȈȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ǼȇȒȏțȇșȇ .

ŬſƗƃƏƐƀƃƋƋƙƇ ꢀ ƏƐƎƌƇ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ ꢀ ƀ ꢀ 9,,,Ȩ,; ꢀ ƀƀ ꢂ

ǮȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ

ǵȘȔȕȉȔȕȌ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦșȏȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ"

ǷȇȘȞȏȘșȑȇ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȏȎ - Ȗȕȋ ȒȌȘȇ ꢇꢀ

ȕșȋȌȒȣȔȢȓȏ ȘȌȓȣȦȓȏ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉȘȌȐ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȕȐ"

ǺȞȇȘșȑȏ ꢀ ȗȇȘȞȏȠȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ

ȕȈȗȇȈȇșȢȉȇȥșȘȦ ꢀ ȘȕȉȓȌȘșȔȕ ꢀ ȏȒȏ

ȕșȋȌȒȣȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȦȓȏ"

ǩȘȌȐ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȕȐ

ǵșȋȌȒȣȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȦȓȏ ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ IX ȉȌȑȚ :

9 ǵȘȔȕȉȔȢȌ ꢀ ȎȇȔȦșȏȦ ꢉꢀ ȎȌȓȒȌȋȌȒȏȌ ꢁꢀ

ǵșȋȌȒȣȔȢȓ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȦȓ

DZȕȓȚ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȇȋȒȌȍȏș ꢀ ȚȗȕȍȇȐ"

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȕșȋȌȒȣȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȏ

ǭȏȒȏȠȇ ꢀ ȗȇȘȘȞȏșȇȔȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȘȣ ꢀ ȗȕȋ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȕșȋȌȒȣȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȌȓȣȏ"

ȕȜȕșȇ ꢁꢀ ȗȢȈȕȒȕȉȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȘȑȕșȕȉȕȋȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ

ȈȕȗșȔȏȞȌȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȒȦ ꢂ

9 ǾȇȘșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ ȚȍȌ ꢀ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȚȌș ꢂ

9 ǴȌȗȇȉȌȔȘșȉȕ ȉȔȚșȗȏ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȢ ꢀ

Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ ȎȇȗȕȍȋȇȌșȘȦ ꢂ

ǩȘȌ ꢀ ȍȏȒȏȠȇ ꢀ ȖȗȏȓȌȗȔȕ ꢀ

ǬȘșȣ ꢀ Ȓȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȔȏȝȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȌ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ

ȍȏȒȏȠȇȓȏ"

ȕȋȏȔȇȑȕȉȢ

DZȕȓȚ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȇȋȒȌȍȇș ꢀ ȕȜȕșȔȏȞȣȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȗȢȈȕȒȕȉȔȢȌ ȚȊȕȋȣȦ"

ǸȚȠȌȘșȉȚȌș ꢀ Ȓȏ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ȉ ꢀ 9,,,²,; ꢀ ȉȉ ꢂꢀ ǾȇȘșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ

ǩȘȌȐ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȌ

9 ǶȕȘșȌȖȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȜȕȋ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ȗȕȋȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȢ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȘȕȘȌȋȘȑȕȐ .

9 ǶȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȕȍȋȌȐ ꢀꢃ ȑȔȌȎȕȉ ,

ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢄꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔ .

ȞȇȘșȔȇȦ ꢀ ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȣ"

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȚȌș

ǶȗȕȏȘȜȕȋȏș ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȜȕȋ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ȗȕȋȕȉȕȐ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȢ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȘȕȘȌȋȘȑȕȐ

DZȇȑȇȦ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȇ ꢀ ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȚȌș ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ 9,,,²

,; ꢀ ȉȉ ꢂꢇꢀ ȗȕȋȕȉȇȦ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȘȌȋȘȑȇȦ"

ǸȚȠȌȘșȉȚȌș ꢀ Ȓȏ ꢀ ȔȌȗȇȉȌȔȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȉȔȚșȗȏ ꢀ

ǩȔȚșȗȏ ꢀ ȕȈȠȏȔȢ ꢀ

ȕȈȠȏȔȢ"

ȔȌȗȇȉȌȔȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȌȠȌ ꢀ ȔȌș

ůƈƉžƂƙƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ƁƌƏƑƂžƎƏƐƀž ꢀ Ƒ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǪȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȕ ² ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȎȇȠȏȠȇȥȠȇȦ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȏȔșȌȗȌȘȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȌȊȚȒȏȗȚȥȠȇȦ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ

Ȓȥȋȣȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȕȖȏȗȇȦȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȕȕȗȚȍȌȔȔȚȥ ꢀ ȘȏȒȚ ꢂ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ǸȜȌȓȇ ꢀ

ǶȗȏȎȔȇȑȏ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢉ

9 ǹȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȦ

9 ǸȚȉȌȗȌȔȏșȌș ꢀ ( ȘȇȓȕȘșȕȦșȌȒȣȔȕȌ ꢀ ȕȘȚȠȌȘșȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȘșȏ )

9 ǶȚȈȒȏȞȔȇȦ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢀꢃ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢁꢀ ȕșȋȌȒȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȇ )

9 ǴȇȒȕȊȕȕȈȒȕȍȌȔȏȌ

ǮȔȇȑȕȓȘșȉȕ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȌȐ ꢀ ȈȒȇȊȕȋȇȗȦ ꢀ

șȕȗȊȕȉȕȓȚ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǩȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȏ

ǸșȗȌȓȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȎȇȉȒȇȋȌșȣ ꢀ ȈȒȇȊȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȝȏȉȏȒȏȎȇȝȏȏ

ǶȗȌȋȖȕȘȢȒȑȏ ꢀ ȉȕȎȔȏȑȔȕȉȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢄꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȌ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȑȕȔȝȚ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢉꢀ

ǫȗȚȍȏȔȇ ² ȖȗȕȘșȌȐȟȏȐ ꢀ ȇȖȖȇȗȇș ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȘșȏ ꢀꢃ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢀ ² ȏ ꢀ ȘȕȉȌșȔȏȑȏ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȢ ).

ǫȇȔȣ ² ȖȗȏȓȏșȏȉȔȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȒȕȊȕȕȈȒȕȍȌȔȏȌ

ǪȗȇȈȏșȌȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȥ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǩȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȏ

ǹȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȦ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȒȕȍȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣȥ ꢀ ² șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȦ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ ꢁꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȚȥ ꢀ ȗȇȘȖȗȕȘșȗȇȔȦȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȘȚȉȌȗȌȔȏșȌș .

ǩ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȋȏȔȌ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ Ț ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢀ ȉȕȎȔȏȑȇȥș ꢀ

ȖȒȌȓȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ² ªȖȗȕșȕȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ« ꢂ

ǩȢȋȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ

( ȉȕȍȋȌȐ ꢄꢀ ȏ ꢀ

țȕȗȓȏȗȕȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔ

ǺȘȏȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȔȌȗȇȉȌȔȘșȉȇ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȌ

ůƈƉžƂƙƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ƁƌƏƑƂžƎƏƐƀž ꢀ Ƒ ꢀ ƀƌƏƐƌƕƋƙƓ ꢀ ƏƉžƀƝƋ

ǸȕȉȌȗȟȌȔȘșȉȕȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȕȗȚȋȏȐ ꢀ șȗȚȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȏȎȉȕȋȘșȉȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȔȇȉȢȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȗȌȜȕȋ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȏȎȉȕȋȦȠȌȓȚ ꢀ ȜȕȎȦȐȘșȉȚ

ǪȗȇȈȏșȌȒȣȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ǴȌȕȈȜȕȋȏȓȕȘșȣ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȞȚȍȏȌ ꢀ ȎȇȠȏșȢ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊȕȉ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȏ ȉȗȇȊȕȉ

ǶȌȗȌȜȕȋ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȏȔȋȏȉȏȋȚȇȒȣȔȕȓȚ ꢀ

șȗȚȋȚ

ǶȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȏȎȒȏȟȑȕȉ

ǶȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȕȍȋȌȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔ

ǩȕȎȔȏȑȔȕȉȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȞȇȘșȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȘȕȈȘșȉȌȔȔȕȘșȏ

ǩȕȎȓȕȍȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ

ȤȑȘȖȒȚȇșȇȝȏȏ

ǶȌȗȌȜȕȋ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

ȗȕȋȕȉȕȐ ꢀ

ȕȈȠȏȔȢ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȘȕȘȌȋȘȑȕȐ

ǶȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ȕȈȠȌȘșȉȌ ꢀ

ȑȕȔțȒȏȑșȇ ꢀ

ȏȔșȌȗȌȘȕȉ

ǶȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȒȥȋȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȘȖȕȘȕȈȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȏȉȇșȣ ꢀ Șȉȕȥ ꢀ ȉȒȇȘșȣ ꢀ ȘȏȒȕȐ

ǴȌȕȈȜȕȋȏȓȕȘșȣ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȋȌȗȍȇȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȖȕȗȦȋȑȇ

ǩȕȎȔȏȑȔȕȉȌȔȏȌ

ȔȌȗȇȉȌȔȘșȉȇ

ǵȈȗȇȎȕȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉȇ

ŠžƎƝƁƆ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŮƑƏƆ

ǶȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ ȉȏȑȏȔȊȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ VIII-XI ȉȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢂ

ǩȇȗȦȊȏ ² ȋȗȌȉȔȌȗȚȘȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȏȑȏȔȊȕȉ ꢄꢂ ȔȕȗȓȇȔȔȕȉ , ȘȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȕȉ ꢁꢂ

VIII-XI ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ² ªǩȌȑ« ꢀꢃ ȤȖȕȜȇ ꢄꢀ ȉȏȑȏȔȊȕȉ ꢂꢀ

ǶȕȒȣȎȚȦȘȣ ꢀ ȘȒȇȈȕȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȗȇȔȔȏȜ ꢀ ȉȇȗȉȇȗȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȚȋȇȗȘșȉ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȢ , ȉȏȑȏȔȊȏ ȘȕȉȌȗȟȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ Ȗ - ȉȇ dzȇȒȇȦ ꢀ

ǧȎȏȦ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ǨȗȏșȇȔȏȏ ꢁꢀ

ǩ ꢀꢎꢇꢇꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȋȇȍȌ ꢀ ȋȕȈȗȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȈȌȗȌȊȕȉ ꢀ

ǧȓȌȗȏȑȏ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȚȓȌȒȏ ꢀ șȇȓ ꢀ ȎȇȑȗȌȖȏșȣȘȦ .

ǩȇȗȦȍȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȒȇȋȣȦ ꢁ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ

ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ǩȏȑȏȔȊȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǧȓȌȗȏȑȌ ꢁ

DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ŭƎƆƅƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ƀžƎƝƁƌƀ ꢀ ƀ ꢀꢃꢄꢅꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢌꢋꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ꢃ ȘȕȊȒȇȘȔȕ ꢀ ȘȇȓȕȐ ꢀ ȗȇȔȔȌȐ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ

ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢄꢀ ȖȗȕȏȎȕȟȒȕ ꢀ

ȖȗȏȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ

DZȔȦȎȣȦ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȎȉȇȔȔȢȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ȘȕȊȒȇȘȔȕ ꢀ

ȇȉșȕȗȚ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢀ

ǴȌȘșȕȗȚ : Ƿȥȗȏȑ ² ȉ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǸȏȔȌȚȘ ² ȉ ꢀ ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ , ǹȗȚȉȕȗ ² ȉ ꢀ

ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑ .

ǶȌȗȉȢȌ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȔȕȘȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȘȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȏȓȌȔȇ ꢂꢀ

ǸȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȏȓȌȔȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢉ

Ƿȥȗȏȑ ( Ƿȧȗȏȑ )

ǵȒȌȊ ꢃ ǼȌȒȣȊ ꢄ

ǵȒȣȊȇ ꢃ ǼȌȒȣȊȇ ꢄ

ǯȊȕȗȣ ( ǯȔȊȉȇȗȣ , ǯȔȊȌȉȇȗ )

ǶȗȏȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǩȏȑșȕȗ ꢀ ǩȇȘȔȌȝȕȉ ꢂ

ŭƎƆƅƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ƀžƎƝƁƌƀ ꢀ ƀ ꢀꢃꢄꢅꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǶȗȏȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢌꢋꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢂ

Ƕȕ ꢀ ©ǽȜȐȓȟȠȖ ꢀ ȐȞȓȚȓțțȩȣ ꢀ șȓȠª ꢂꢀ

Ǹ ǨȌ ȏ Ȓ Ȕ ȕ Ȍ ȕ Ț ȎȌ Ș ȗȕ ªǩ ꢀ Ȋȕȋ ꢀꢍꢊꢏꢐꢀ (862). ¬ǯ ꢀ ȖȕȟȒȏ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊȇȓ ꢁꢀ

DzȇȋȕȊȇ

ǰȎȞȭȑȖ

ȑ ꢀ ȗȚȘȏ ꢂꢀ ǹȌ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊȏ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȗȚȘȣȥ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢀ

ȔȇȎȢȉȇȥșȘȦ ꢀ ȟȉȌȋȢ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȏȔȢȌ ꢀ ȔȕȗȓȇȔȔȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȇȔȊȒȢ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ

ȌȠȌ ꢀ ȏȔȢȌ ꢀ ȊȕșȒȇȔȋȝȢ , ȉ ² ȉȕș ꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ Ȥșȏ ꢂꢀ ǸȑȇȎȇȒȏ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȏ ȞȚȋȣ ꢁꢀ ȘȒȕȉȌȔȌ ꢁꢀ ȑȗȏȉȏȞȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȌȘȣ ꢇꢀ ÅǮȌȓȒȦ ꢀ

ȂȖțțȜ - ȡȑȞȩ

Ƿȥȗȏȑ

ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

ǹȗȚȉȕȗ

Șȑȕȉ

ǯȎȈȕȗȘ

Ȕȇȟȇ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȈȏȒȣȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȖȕȗȦȋȑȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȔȌȐ ꢀ ȔȌș ꢂꢀ

ǶȗȏȜȕȋȏșȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȒȇȋȌșȣ ꢀ Ȕȇȓȏ´ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ

ǰȜȟȠȜȥțȩȓ ꢀ ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ȏȎȈȗȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ șȗȕȌ ꢀ ȈȗȇșȣȌȉ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ Șȉȕȏȓȏ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȉȎȦȒȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȘȕȈȕȐ ꢀ ȉȘȥ ꢀ ȗȚȘȣ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȟȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȌȒ ꢀ

ȘșȇȗȟȏȐ ꢁꢀ Ƿȥȗȏȑ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȌ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȕȐ , ǸȏȔȌȚȘ ,

² Ȕȇ ꢀ ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȌ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ șȗȌșȏȐ ꢁꢀ ǹȗȚȉȕȗ ꢁꢀ ² ȉ ꢀ ǯȎȈȕȗȘȑȌ ꢂꢀ

ǯ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ șȌȜ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊȕȉ ꢀ ȖȗȕȎȉȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ǷȚȘȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȦ«

ȕȒȕȝȑ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘ

ǯȎșȠȩ

ǶȌȗȌȉȕȋ ꢀ ȘȑȇȔȋȏȔȇȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȘȒȕȉ ꢇꢀ ª Sine hus « ꢀ =

ȘȉȕȐ ꢀ ȋȉȕȗ ꢁꢀ ª thru varing « ꢀ = ȋȗȚȍȏȔȇ ꢂꢀ ǯȘȜȕȋȦ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ȤșȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȇȦ ꢀ ȔȇȚȑȇ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉȌȗȏș ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȏȘșȕȗȏȞȔȕȘșȣ ꢀ ǸȏȔȌȚȘȇ ȏ ꢀ ǹȗȚȉȕȗȇ ꢂꢀ ǸȑȕȗȌȌ ꢀ

ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ Ƿȥȗȏȑ ȖȗȏȟȌȒ ꢀ ªȘȕ ꢂ Șȉȕȏȓ ꢂ ȋȉȕȗȕȓ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ

ȋȗȚȍȏȔȕȐ« ꢁ

ǪȔȌȎȔȕ

ǵȎȝȎȒțȩȓ ꢀ

ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ȥȈȌȞ

DZȏȌ

ǽȓȞȐȩȓ ꢀ ǾȬȞȖȘȜȐȖȥȖ ꢁꢀ

ǼȠ ꢀ ǾȬȞȖȘȎ ꢀ ȒȜ ꢀ ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȎ ꢀ ǺȜțȜȚȎȣȎ ꢁꢀ

ǫȏȔȇȘșȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȘȜȌȓȇ ꢂ

ǾȬȞȖȘ ꢀ

(?-879)

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

Ǽșȓȑ ꢀꢃ " -912)

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢎꢍꢉ - ꢎꢏꢑꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢎꢏꢑ - ꢎꢎꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢎꢎꢉ - ꢑꢈꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǼșȪȑȎ ꢀ

ǶȑȜȞȪ ꢀ

(?-969)

(878-945)

ǩȌȒȏȑȇȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȊȏȔȦ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȑȏȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢑꢋꢌ - ꢑꢍꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢑꢈꢉ - ꢑꢋꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(942-972)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢑꢍꢉ - ꢑꢏꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȍȞȜȝȜșȘ ꢀ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞ ꢀ

Ǽșȓȑ ꢀ

(?-980)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(960-1015)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(?-972)

ȉ ꢀꢑꢏꢉ - ꢑꢎꢐꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢑꢎꢐ - ꢈꢐꢈꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǿȐȭȠȜȝȜșȘ ꢀ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

DZșȓȏ ꢀ

ǯȜȞȖȟ ꢀ

ǺȟȠȖȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(978-1054)

(980-1019)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ

(?-1036)

(986-1015)

(987-1015)

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢈꢌ - ꢈꢐꢈꢑꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢈꢍꢁꢀꢈꢐꢈꢑ - ꢈꢐꢌꢋꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǶȕȭȟșȎȐ ꢀ

ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

ǰȟȓȐȜșȜȒ ꢀ

ǶȑȜȞȪ ꢀ

ǰȭȥȓȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(1030-1093)

(1024-1078)

(1024-1076)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(?-1060)

(1036-1057)

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢌꢋ - ꢈꢐꢏꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢏꢊ - ꢈꢐꢏꢍꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢏꢎ - ꢈꢐꢑꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞ ꢀ

ǺȜțȜȚȎȣ ꢀ

ǿȐȭȠȜȝȜșȘ ꢀ

Ǽșȓȑ ꢀ

(1050-1113)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(1053-1125)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(1053-1115)

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢑꢊ - ꢈꢈꢈꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢈꢈꢊ - ꢈꢈꢉꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ŬſƎžƅƌƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ŢƎƃƀƋƃƎƑƏƏƈƌƁƌ ƁƌƏƑƂžƎƏƐƀž

ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢌꢌꢇ - Ȍ ꢀ ȊȊ . DZȇȗșȇ ꢂ

DzȇȋȕȊȇ

ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ

ǩ ꢀꢌꢋꢈꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢀꢃ ȓȚȍȏ ꢄꢀ Ƿȥȗȏȑȇ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋ ꢀ ȏ

ǫȏȗ ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ªȔȇ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ« ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȥșȘȦ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȌ .

ǰȎȞȭȑȖ

ȂȖțțȜ - ȡȑȞȩ

ǵȒȌȊ

ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

Șȑȕȉ

ǯȎȈȕȗȘ

ǩ ꢀꢌꢌꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ȎȇȜȉȇșȏȒ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ , ȚȘșȗȇȔȏȒ ꢀ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗȇ ȏ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢀ șȇȓ ꢂ

ǰȜȟȠȜȥțȩȓ ꢀ ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

DZȏȌȉ ȔȇȜȕȋȏșȘȦ ꢀ ȔȏȍȌ ꢀ ȕȘȔȕȉȔȢȜ ꢀ Ȗȗȏșȕȑȕȉ ꢀ

ǫȔȌȖȗȇ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȤșȕȓȚ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȎ ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȕȜȕȋȦș ꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ

șȕȉȇȗȢ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȢȌ ꢀ ȉȌȎȚș ꢀ ȉȔȏȎ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ Ȥșȏȓ ꢀ ȗȌȑȇȓ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȖȚșȣ ꢀ ªȏȎ ꢀ ǩȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȏ« ꢂꢀ ǹȕș ꢁꢀ ȑșȕ ꢀ

ȕȒȕȝȑ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘ

ǯȎșȠȩ

ȑȕȔșȗȕȒȏȗȚȌș ꢀ DZȏȌȉ ꢁꢀ ȓȕȍȌș ꢀ Ȉȗȇșȣ ꢀ ȔȌȓȇȒȢȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȟȒȏȔȢ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȖȗȕȌȎȋ ꢂ

ǪȔȌȎȔȕ

ǵȎȝȎȒțȩȓ ꢀ

ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ ȏ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ ² ȑȒȥȞȌȉȢȌ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ

ªȏȎ ꢀ ǩȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǪȗȌȑȏ« ꢁꢀ

ȥȈȌȞ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗ

DZȏȌ

ȉȕȏȔȢ@ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȒȇȋȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ꢀ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗȚ ꢇꢀ ªǴȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȉȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ Ȧ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ« ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢇꢀ ªǧ ꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ ȘȢȔ ꢀ Ƿȥȗȏȑȇ« ꢂ ǯ ꢀ ȚȈȏȒȏ ꢀ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗȇ ꢁꢀ ȕșȔȌȘȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȊȕȗȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȊȗȌȈȒȏ ꢀ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȊȕȗȌ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȇȦ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȔȢȔȌ ꢀ ǺȊȕȗȘȑȕȐ ꢂꢂꢂ « DzȇȋȕȊȇ ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ ǰȎȞȭȑȖ ȂȖțțȜ - ȡȑȞȩ ǵȒȌȊ ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ Șȑȕȉ ǯȎȈȕȗȘ ǰȜȟȠȜȥțȩȓ ꢀ ȟșȎȐȭțȓ ȕȒȕȝȑ ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘ ǯȎșȠȩ ǸȓȌȗșȣ ꢀ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗȇ . ǪȔȌȎȔȕ Ǫȗȇȉȥȗȇ ꢀ ǻȌȋȕȗȇ ꢀ ǨȗȚȔȏ , 1839. ǵȎȝȎȒțȩȓ ꢀ ȟșȎȐȭțȓ ȥȈȌȞ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗ DZȏȌ " width="640"

ŬſƎžƅƌƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ŢƎƃƀƋƃƎƑƏƏƈƌƁƌ ꢀ ƁƌƏƑƂžƎƏƐƀž

ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢌꢌꢇ - Ȍ ꢀ ȊȊ . DZȇȗșȇ ꢂ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢉ

ªDZȕȊȋȇ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗ ȖȗȏȟȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȉȢȘȑȕȞȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȕȘșȇȒȣȔȕȌ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȢ@ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȒȇȋȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ꢀ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗȚ ꢇꢀ ªǴȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȉȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ Ȧ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ« ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢇꢀ ªǧ ꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ ȘȢȔ ꢀ Ƿȥȗȏȑȇ« ꢂ ǯ ꢀ ȚȈȏȒȏ ꢀ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗȇ ꢁꢀ ȕșȔȌȘȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȊȕȗȚ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȊȗȌȈȒȏ ꢀ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȊȕȗȌ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȇȦ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ ȔȢȔȌ ꢀ

ǺȊȕȗȘȑȕȐ ꢂꢂꢂ «

DzȇȋȕȊȇ

ǨȌȒȕȕȎȌȗȕ

ǰȎȞȭȑȖ

ȂȖțțȜ - ȡȑȞȩ

ǵȒȌȊ

ȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

Șȑȕȉ

ǯȎȈȕȗȘ

ǰȜȟȠȜȥțȩȓ ꢀ ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ȕȒȕȝȑ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘ

ǯȎșȠȩ

ǸȓȌȗșȣ ꢀ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ǫȏȗȇ .

ǪȔȌȎȔȕ

Ǫȗȇȉȥȗȇ ꢀ

ǻȌȋȕȗȇ ꢀ

ǨȗȚȔȏ , 1839.

ǵȎȝȎȒțȩȓ ꢀ

ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ȥȈȌȞ

ǧȘȑȕȒȣȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǫȏȗ

DZȏȌ

ŬſƎžƅƌƀžƋƆƃ ꢀ ŢƎƃƀƋƃƎƑƏƏƈƌƁƌ ꢀ ƁƌƏƑƂžƎƏƐƀž

ǵȒȌȊ ȕȘȉȕȈȕȋȏȒ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȦȔ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȦȔ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃꢂ

ȕș ꢀ ȚȖȒȇșȢ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ ꢀ ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȚ ꢁ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ǾȡȟȪ

ȟșȎȐȭțȓ

ȉ

DzȥȈȌ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢉꢀ

ªǴȌ ꢂ ȋȇȐșȌ ꢂ ȜȇȎȇȗȇȓ ꢁꢂ Ȕȕ ꢂ ȓȔȌ ꢂ ȋȇȐșȌ« ꢀ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉ

ǵȉȗȚ

ȥȈȒȏȔ

ȋȏȓȏȗ

ǯȘ

ȕȘșȌȔȣ

ȢȟȊȕȗȕȋ

ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȒȣ

ǾȌȗȉȌȔȣ

DZȏȌ

ªǶȕȉȌȘșȣ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢀ ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȌș ꢀ

ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȌȐ ȘȗȌȋȏ ꢀ ȋȇȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȇ ꢂꢀ ǵȋȔȇȑȕ ꢀ

ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔ ꢀ

ǨȇȊȗȦȔȕȗȕȋȔȢȐ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȌș ꢀ ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȌȐ

ȘȗȌȋȏ ꢀ șȌȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢁꢀ ȑșȕ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏș ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȌ .

ǩȏșȏȞȌȉ

ȕȏȔȣ

ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

ǶȕȖȢșȑȏ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ ȖȕȋȞȏȔȏșȣ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢁꢀ ȍȏȉȟȏȜ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȥȊȕ - ȎȇȖȇȋȚ ȕș ꢀ DZȏȌȉȇ ( ȚȒȏȞȌȐ ȏ ꢀ șȏȉȌȗȝȌȉ , Șȓ ꢁꢂ

ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕ - ȉȏȋȏȓȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȉȌȔȞȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȚȘȖȌȜȕȓ ꢂꢀ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢉꢀ

ªǩȒȇȘșȉȕȉȇȒ ꢂ ǵȒȌȊ ꢂ Ȕȇȋ ꢂ ȖȕȒȦȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢂ ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢂ

ȘȌȉȌȗȦȔȇȓȏ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȇȓȏ ꢁꢂ ȇ ꢂ Ș ꢂ ȚȒȏȞȇȓȏ ȏ ꢂ

șȏȉȌȗȝȇȓȏ ꢂ ȉȕȌȉȇȒ« ꢀ

ȋȌȦ

ȕȗȘȚȔȣ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȢ

ŭƌƉƜƂƚƃ

ǶȌȗȉȕȔȇȞȇȒȣȔȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȘȕȈȏȗȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȡȌȎȍȇȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȖȕȋȉȒȇȘșȔȢȌ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢂꢀ ǵșȘȥȋȇ ꢀ ȔȇȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ ªȖȕȒȥȋȣȌ« ꢀ ꢃ Ȝȕȋȏșȣ ꢀ ªȖȕ ꢀ

ȒȥȋȦȓ« ꢄꢂ

dzȇȗȟȗȚș ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȦ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢁꢀ

DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǶȕȒȥȋȣȌ ² ȖȕȌȎȋȑȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣȥ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȉȒȇȘșȔȢȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȔȕȦȈȗȦ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȓȇȗș ꢂ ǶȕȒȥȋȣȌ ² ȔȇșȚȗȇȒȣȔȢȐ ꢀ ȔȇȒȕȊ ꢁꢀ ȖȒȇșȏșȘȦ ꢀ ȎȌȗȔȕȓ ꢁꢀ

ȓȌȜȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȓȧȋȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȘȑȕȓ .

ǶȕȒȥȋȣȌ ² ȋȌȓȕȔȘșȗȇȝȏȦ ꢀ

ȋȇȔȔȏȑȇȓ ꢀ ȘȏȒȢ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȋȗȚȍȏȔȢ ꢂ

ǸȈȕȗ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ ꢀ ² ȔȇȏȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ

ȕșȑȗȕȉȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȉȢȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȊȕȘȖȕȋȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ȖȕȋȉȒȇȘșȔȢȓȏ ꢀ

ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇȓȏ .

ǶȕȒȥȋȣȌ ꢁꢀ ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǴȏȑȕȒȇȐ ꢀ ǷȌȗȏȜ ꢂ

ůƌƏƃƂƆ ꢀ ŨƆƃƀƏƈƌƇ ꢀ ŮƑƏƆ

ǸȕȘȌȋȦȓȏ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢉꢀ

ƒ Ǹ ȘȌȉȌȗȕ - ȎȇȖȇȋȇ ² ȉȇȗȦȊȏ ȏ ꢀ ȈȇȒșȘȑȏȌ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ

ꢂ ȦșȉȦȊȏ ꢄꢀ ȍȌȓȇȐșȢ ȏ ꢀ ȇȚȑȟșȇȐșȢ ).

ƒ Ǹ ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȋȇ ² ǶȕȒȣȟȇ ꢃ ȒȦȜȏ ).

ƒ Ǹ ꢀ ȥȊȕ - ȉȕȘșȕȑȇ ² ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȏ ꢀ

( ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȏ ).

ƒ Ǹ ꢀ ȥȊȇ ² ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȦ ꢁ

ǴȇȏȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȉȇȍȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ² ȔȇȞȇȒȌ ꢀ ; ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

Ș ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗȇȓȏ , ȘșȌȖȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȇȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȘȕȈȌȔȔȕ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȌȐ .

ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƇ ꢀ ƈžƁžƋžƐ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ

dzȚȗȕȓ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȇȦ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IX ȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǰȜșȔȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǯȡșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǼȇȎȇȗȢ ꢀ ȈȗȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢁꢀ ȍȏȉȟȏȜ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȉȕȘșȕȑȚ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȇ :

ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢄꢀ ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȌȐ ,

ȘȌȉȌȗȦȔ ꢁ

ǶȕȒȕȝȑ

ǸȓȕȒȌȔȘȑ

ǯȎșȠȩ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȎȭ ꢀ

ǾȡȟȪ

ǩ ꢀ ȑȕȔȝȌ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ ǵȒȌȊ

ȖȕȑȕȗȏȒ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȦȔ ȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ

ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȇȔȔȏȑȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ ꢃ ªǴȌ ꢂ

ȋȇȐșȌ ꢂ ȜȇȎȇȗȇȓ ꢁꢂ Ȕȕ ꢂ ȓȔȌ ꢂ

ȋȇȐșȌ ꢄ « ꢅꢀ

DzȥȈȌȞ

DZȏȌȉ

ȃȎȕȎȞȟȘȖȗ ꢀ

ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

ǸȇȗȑȌȒ

ǯșȏȒȣ

ǩȦșȏȞȏ ꢀ Ȗȕ - ȖȗȌȍȔȌȓȚ ꢀ

ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȋȇȔȔȏȑȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȜȇȎȇȗ ꢁ

ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ

ǯȜșȑȎȞȖȭ

ǸȌȓȌȔȋȌȗ

ŠƃƋƁƎƙ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŮƑƏƚ

Ǹ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȥȊȕ - ȉȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȖȕȘșȕȦȔȔȕ ꢀ ȚȊȗȕȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊȏ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȕȉ .

ǩ ꢀꢌꢏꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȗȌȘșȔȕȘșȏ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȇ ȗȇȎȊȗȇȈȏȒȏ ꢀ ȟȌȋȟȏȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȑȇ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢀ ȚȊȗȕȉ ꢂ ȉȌȔȊȗȕȉ ꢃꢁꢀ ǩȎȦȉ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȒȦȔ ꢀ

ȋȇȔȣ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȚȟȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȎȇȖȇȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȘȌȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȌȗȗȏșȕȗȏȏ ꢀ ȘȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ǩȌȔȊȗȏȏ ꢁꢀ ǩ ꢀ ȔȏȎȕȉȣȦȜ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȇ

ȑȚȖȌȞȌȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȇȗȇȉȇȔȇȓ ꢀ ȚȊȗȕȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȏ ꢁꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȇȉȟȏȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȓ ꢀ ȋȔȌ ꢀ ȑȕȔȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ DZȏȌȉȇ .

ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ ȏ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ IX-X ȉȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ǾȡȟȪ

DzȥȈȌ

ǵȉȗȚ

ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉ

ǩȌȔȊȗȢ

ȥȈȒȏȔ

ȇȋȏȓȏȗ

ǯȘ

ȕȘșȌȔȣ

ǾȌȗȉȌȔȣ

ǩȌȔȊȗȢ

8

ȇȗȑȌȒ

ȃȎȕȎȞȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȘȎȑȎțȎȠ

ǯșȏȒ

ǶȌȞȌȔȌȊȏ

ǰȓțȑȞȖȭ

ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƝ

ǩȇȗȦȊȏ ȏ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉȇȗȉȇȗȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȖȕȗȇȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌȉȏȋȇȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȇ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ꢁ

ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȑȕȔȝȌ ꢀ ,; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǸșȗȌȓȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȏșȣ ꢀ Ȥșȏ ꢀ

ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȖȕȈȚȍȋȇȒȕ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ

ȘȕȉȌȗȟȇșȣ ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȥ șȇȑ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢁꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

III ²9 ꢀ ȉȉ ꢁꢀ ȊȌȗȓȇȔȝȢ ꢀ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ǾȡȟȪ

ȘȕȉȌȗȟȇȒȏ ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǷȏȓȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȥ ꢁ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȥȉȌȒȏȗȔȢȌ ꢀꢀ

ȏȎȋȌȒȏȦ ꢁ

ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƝ

DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ ȘȕȈȏȗȇȒȏ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕ -

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢂꢀ ǸȕȈȗȇȔȔȢȌ ꢀ șȕȉȇȗȢ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȔȌȕȈȜȕȋȏȓȕ ꢀ

ȘȈȢșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȌ ² ȕȘȔȕȉȔȕȓ ꢀ ȝȌȔșȗȌ ꢀ

ȓȌȍȋȚȔȇȗȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȒȏ ꢂꢀ

ǸȈȕȗ ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ȕȈȓȌȔ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȈȌȎȕȖȇȘȔȕȘșȣ ꢂ

ǹȇȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȤȑȕȔȕȓȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ȘȏȘșȌȓȇ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ

ȘȜȌȓȚ ꢃꢂ

ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ

ǵȈȕȊȇȠȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȇȒȣȔȌȐȟȌȌ ꢀ ǶȕȒȥȋȣȌ

ȕȈȕȘȕȈȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȖȗȇȉȦȠȌȐ ꢀ

ȉȌȗȜȚȟȑȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZ

DZȏȌȉ

ȖȕȈȚȍȋȇȒȇ ꢀ

ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢀ

ȘșȗȌȓȏșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȚȞȌȔȏȥ ꢀ

Ȗȗȇȉȇ ꢀ

ǶȚșȣ ꢂ ȏȎ ꢂ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢂ ȉ ꢂ ȊȗȌȑȏ

ȈȌȘȖȕȟȒȏȔȔȕȐ ꢀ

șȕȗȊȕȉȒȏ ꢁ

ǸȈȢș ꢀ șȕȉȇȗȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȌ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȓȌȔ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȈȗȕ ꢀ ȕȗȚȍȏȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȗȕȞȏȌ ꢀ

ȤȑȘȑȒȥȎȏȉȔȢȌ ꢀ șȕȉȇȗȢ .

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ

ŮƑƏƚ ꢀ Ɔ ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƝ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȒȇȋȣȦȜ ꢀ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȏȒȒȥȘșȗȇȝȏȥ ꢃꢂ ȉȇȗȦȊȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔȌ ꢀ

ȘȖȚȘȑȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ªǯȎ ꢀ ȉȇȗȦȊ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ« ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȊȗȇȈȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȞȌȗȔȕȓȕȗȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȖȕȈȌȗȌȍȣȌ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ .

ǩ ꢀꢌꢋꢇꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȘȉȏȋȌșȌȒȣȘșȉȚ ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȜȗȕȔȏȘșȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȗȚȘȢ

ȕȘȇȋȏȒȏ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ꢁꢀ

ǵȘȇȋȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȋȕȒȍȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ

ȔȌȋȌȒȥ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

ȞȌȊȕ ꢀ ȗȚȘȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȎȦȉ ꢀ

ȈȕȊȇșȢȌ ꢀ ȋȇȗȢ ꢁꢀ

ȕșȘșȚȖȏȒȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȘșȌȔ ꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȚȖȒȢȒȏ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗ ꢁꢀ

ǸȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȒȇȋȣȦ .

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȏȎȕȈȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢂ

ǶȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢏꢇꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ

DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ŬƉƃƁž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ

ŨƌƋƏƐžƋƐƆƋƌƍƌƉƚ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢇꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ȘȕȉȌȗȟȏȒ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǽȇȗȣȊȗȇȋ ꢀ

ꢂ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ꢃꢁ

DzȌșȕȖȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȋȕȉȕȗȏș ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȚȞȇȘșȉȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȌȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȉȑȒȥȞȇȦ ꢀ ȚȒȏȞȌȐ ꢄꢀ șȏȉȌȗȝȌȉ ꢀ ȏ

ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ țȒȕșȏȒȏȦ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ ȔȇȘȞȏșȢȉȇȒȇ ꢀ 2

șȢȘȦȞȏ ꢂ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌȐ ꢁ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢉ

ªǩ ꢀ Ȋȕȋ ꢀꢍꢋꢈꢌꢀꢃꢑꢐꢏꢄꢂꢀ ǶȕȟȌȒ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȏȉ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȌ ꢅꢀ ȉȎȦȒ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȘȕȈȕȥ ꢀ ȓȔȕȍȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ȉȇȗȦȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȒȇȉȦȔ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȞȚȋȏ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȗȏȉȏȞȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȓȌȗȥ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȒȦȔ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȌȉȌȗȦȔ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ Ȝȕȗȉȇșȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȚȒȌȈȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȏȉȌȗȝȌȉ ꢁꢀ

ȏȎȉȌȘșȔȢȜ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ șȕȒȓȇȞȏ ꢇꢀ ȤșȏȜ ꢀ ȉȘȌȜ ꢀ ȔȇȎȢȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ ꢀ

ꢒ ǩȌȒȏȑȇȦ ꢀ Ǹȑȏțȣ ꢒꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ Ș ꢀ Ȥșȏȓȏ ꢀ ȉȘȌȓȏ ꢀ ȖȕȟȌȒ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȑȕȔȦȜ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȦȜ ꢅꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌȐ ꢀ ȞȏȘȒȕȓ ꢀꢉꢐꢐꢐꢀ

ꢆ ¬! ꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȑȇȍȋȕȓ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀꢋꢐꢀ ȓȚȍȌȐ« ꢀ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ŬƉƃƁž ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨƌƋƏƐžƋƐƆƋƌƍƌƉƚ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǶȒȇȔ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȦ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǵȒȌȊ ȉȢȈȗȇȒ ꢀ ȚȋȇȞȔȕȌ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȔȇȈȌȊȇ ꢇꢀ

ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ țȒȕș ꢀ ȘȗȇȍȇȒȘȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȇȗȇȈȇȓȏ ꢀ ȉȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȦ .

Ƕȗȏ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȒȏȍȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ȎȇȓȑȔȚȒȏ ꢀ ȉȜȕȋ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ȎȇȒȏȉ ꢀ ǮȕȒȕșȕȐ ꢀ ǷȕȊ ꢀ ȓȇȘȘȏȉȔȕȐ ꢀ ȝȌȖȣȥ ꢁꢀ ȘȋȌȒȇȉ ꢀ

ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȔȌȋȕȘșȚȖȔȢȓ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȉȗȇȍȌȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌȐ .

DzȌșȕȖȏȘȣ ꢀ ȗȇȘȘȑȇȎȢȉȇȌș ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȑȇȎȚ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ

ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȢ ꢀ ȉȢșȇȠȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȈȌȗȌȊ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȘșȇȉȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȏȜ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȕȒȌȘȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȋȔȦȉ ꢀ ȖȇȗȚȘȇ ꢁꢀ ȋȉȏȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȘșȌȔȇȓ ꢀ ǽȇȗȣȊȗȇȋȇ .

Ƕȕ - ȉȏȋȏȓȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȗȏȓȌȔȏȒȏ ꢀ șȌȜȔȏȑȚ ꢀ

ȉȕȒȕȑȇ ꢇꢀ ȖȕȘșȇȉȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȑȇșȑȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȋȑȇșȏȒȏ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ

ȑ ꢀ ȘșȌȔȇȓ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȗȇȎȏȉ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȇȖȚȊȇȉ ꢀ ȔȌȖȗȏȉȢȞȔȢȜ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

șȇȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȎȗȌȒȏȠȚ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȕȉ .

ŢƌƁƌƀƌƎƙ ꢀ ŬƉƃƁž ꢀ Ə ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƃƇ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢀ Ɔ ꢀꢆꢉꢉꢀ ƁƁ ꢂ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȝȢ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȋȦ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȘȏȒȇȜ ꢀ ȉȢȘșȕȦșȣ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ ꢁꢀ ȘȕȊȒȇȘȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȚȖȒȇșȏșȣ ꢀ ȌȓȚ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢇꢀ

Ȗȕ ꢀ ꢅꢆꢂ ȊȗȏȉȌȔ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȘȒȕ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ꢆꢇꢇꢇꢂ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌȐ .

ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȌȐ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȎȇȑȒȥȞȌȔ ꢀ ȓȏȗ ꢂꢀ ǯȓȖȌȗȏȦ ꢀ ȕȈȦȎȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȖȕȘȢȒȇșȣ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȑȗȚȖȔȌȐȟȏȌ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢇꢀ DZȏȌȉ ꢄꢀ ǾȌȗȔȏȊȕȉ ꢄꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȒȣ ꢄꢀ DzȥȈȌȑ ꢄꢀ ǷȕȘșȕȉ .

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȢ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȗȇȉȕ ꢀ ȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȘȞȌș ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȑȇȎȔȢ ꢀ

ȔȌȕȊȗȇȔȏȞȌȔȔȕȌ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢂ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȢ ꢀ ȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ ȍȏșȣ ꢀꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȘȞȌș ꢀ ȑȇȎȔȢ ꢀ ȖȕȒȊȕȋȇ ꢂꢀ

ǯȓȖȌȗȏȦ ꢀ ȕȈȦȎȢȉȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȘȔȇȈȍȇșȣ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȕȈȗȇșȔȢȐ ꢀ ȖȚșȣ ꢁꢀ ȖȏȠȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȖȇȗȚȘȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȦȑȕȗȦȓȏ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȑȇȔȇșȇȓȏ ꢂ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȢ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȞȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȗȇȉȕ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ , ªȔȌ ꢂ ȖȒȇșȦȞȌ ȓȢșȇ ꢂ Ȕȏ ꢂ ȉ ꢂ ȞȌȓ« ꢀ

Dzȇȋȣȏ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȘșȌȔ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȦ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǷȇȋȎȏȉȏȒȒȕȉȘȑȕȐ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

ŢƌƁƌƀƌƎƙ ꢀ ŬƉƃƁž ꢀ Ə ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƃƇ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢀ Ɔ ꢀꢆꢉꢉꢀ ƁƁ .

Ƕȗȏ ꢀ ȎȇȑȒȥȞȌȔȏȏ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗȇ ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȝȢ ꢀ

ȝȌȒȕȉȇȒȏ ꢀ ȑȗȌȘș ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊ ȏ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȏ ꢀ

ȑȒȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ǶȌȗȚȔȕȓ ꢄꢀ ǩȌȒȌȘȕȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȗȚȍȏȌȓ .

ǶȕȑȏȋȇȦ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ , ǵȒȌȊ ȖȗȏȈȏȒ ꢀ

ȘȉȕȐ ꢀ Ƞȏș ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȕȗȕșȇ ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȎȔȇȑ ꢀ ȖȗȏȓȏȗȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȈȢ .

ǩ ꢀꢏꢎꢎꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ȖȗȏȈȢȒȕ ꢀ

ȖȕȘȕȒȣȘșȉȕ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȋȖȏȘȇȉȟȌȌ ꢀ ȔȕȉȢȐ ꢀ

ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗ ꢁꢀ ȋȕȖȕȒȔȏȉȟȏȐ ꢀ ȘȕȊȒȇȟȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ꢏꢇꢆꢀ Ȋ .

ǸșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢀ ȖȗȕȉȕȎȊȒȇȘȏȒȏ ꢇꢀ ªȋȇ ꢂ ȒȥȈȏȓ ꢂ ȋȗȚȊ ꢂ

ȋȗȚȊȇ ꢂ ȕș ꢂ ȉȘȌȇ ȋȚȟȏ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȏȎȉȕȒȌȔȏȇ« ꢁ

ǫȕȊȕȉȕȗ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȚȘȓȇșȗȏȉȇȒ ꢀ ȔȇȑȇȎȇȔȏȦ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȘșȚȖȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȕȉ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȌȑȗȚȟȌȔȏȦȜ ,

ǵȒȌȊ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȏȉȇȌș ꢀ Ƞȏș ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȉȗȇșȇȓ ꢀ ǽȇȗȣȊȗȇȋȇ ꢁꢀ

ǸȕȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ ȗȏȘȚȔȕȑ ꢂ

ȉȎȇȏȓȔȢȐ ꢀ ȉȢȑȚȖ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȕȥȋȔȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȎȉȗȇȠȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȈȌȊȒȢȜ ꢀ ȗȇȈȕȉ ꢂꢀ

ŢƌƁƌƀƌƎƙ ꢀ ŬƉƃƁž ꢀ Ə ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƃƇ ꢀꢆꢇꢈꢀ Ɔ ꢀꢆꢉꢉꢀ ƁƁ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗ ꢏꢎꢎꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȉȑȒȥȞȌȔȇ ꢀ ȘșȇșȣȦ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȔȕȐ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȏ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ Șȕ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȏ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȘȒȚȍȈȌ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȇȜ ꢂ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȝȢ ꢀ ȔȇȔȏȓȇȒȏ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȘȒȚȍȈȢ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȇȜ ꢂꢀ

ǹȇȑȏȌ ꢀ ȘȕȥȎȢ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȕȑȗȚȍȇȥȠȏȓȏ ꢀ

ȉȇȗȉȇȗȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ Ȕȇȗȕȋȇȓȏ ꢀ

ȟȏȗȕȑȕ ꢀ ȖȗȇȑșȏȑȕȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȏȌȐ ꢁ

Ȅșȕ ꢀ ȖȕȎȉȕȒȦȌș ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȖȕȒȇȊȇșȣ ꢁꢀ

Ȟșȕ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȦ ȉȖȕȘȒȌȋȘșȉȏȏ ꢀ

ȏȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇȒȇ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȚȞȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ȖȒȇșȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȉȕȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȚȘȒȚȊ ꢂ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȝȢ ꢀ ȖȕȋȔȕȘȦș ꢀ ȋȇȗȢ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȚ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǷȇȋȎȏȉȏȒȒȕȉȘȑȕȐ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢀ ;,,, ꢀ ȉ ꢂ

ůƌƜƅ ꢀ ŮƑƏƆ ꢀ Ə ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƃƇ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢇꢏ ² ꢏꢎꢇꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȗȇșȣ ꢀ ȕȖȗȇȉȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȉȗȇȊȕȉ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ꢇꢀ ȉȇȘȘȇȒȕȉ ꢀ ǧȈȈȇȘȏȋȘȑȕȊȕ

ȜȇȒȏțȇșȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǮȇȑȇȉȑȇȎȣȌ ȏ ꢀ ȥȊȕ - ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȓ ꢀ ǶȗȏȑȇȘȖȏȏ .

ǩ 912 ² ꢏꢎꢅꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌȋȕȉȇȒ ꢀꢀ ȔȕȉȢȐ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǩȕȘșȕȑ ꢁꢀ ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȉȢȟȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȘȕȊȒȇȘȏȦ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇ ꢀ ȖȕȋȔȦȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ

ǽȌȔșȗȇȒȣȔȇȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǩȕȘșȕȞȔȇȦ ꢀ ǬȉȗȕȖȇ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȔȇȞȇȒȌ ꢀ ; ꢀ ȉ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ǾȡȟȪ

ǫȕȔȚ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȗȌșȇȠȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǩȕȒȊȚ ȏ ꢁꢀ ȉȢȐȋȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

DZȇȘȖȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓȏȒȏ ꢀ ȥȍȔȕȌ ȏ ꢀ

ȎȇȖȇȋȔȕȌ ꢀ ȖȕȈȌȗȌȍȣȌ ꢀ DZȇȘȖȏȦ .

Ǵȇ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇșȔȕȓ ꢀ ȖȚșȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǮȇȑȇȉȑȇȎȣȦ ȗȚȘȘȑȕȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢀ ȖȕȋȉȌȗȊȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȋȌȔȏȥ ꢀ

ȓȚȘȚȒȣȓȇȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ Ȋȉȇȗȋȏȏ ꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇ ꢁꢀ

ȗȌȟȏȉȟȌȐ ꢀ ȕșȕȓȘșȏșȣ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȑȗȕȉȣ ꢀ ȌȋȏȔȕȉȌȗȝȌȉ ꢂ

ǾȌȗȔȕȌ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ

ǴȌȘȓȕșȗȦ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ șȕ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȚȖȗȌȋȏȒ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȕȉ ꢀ

ȕ ꢀ ȉȕȎȓȕȍȔȕȓ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȋȌȔȏȏ ꢁꢀ ȜȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ȖȚȝȓȞȖȭ

ȓȚȘȚȒȣȓȇȔȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȇȘȘȇȒȢ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȇ ꢀ ȈȚȗșȇȘȢ

ȖȌȗȌȈȏȒȏ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȔȘșȉȕ ꢀꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢂꢀ

Dzȏȟȣ ꢀ ȔȌȓȔȕȊȏȌ ꢀ ȉȌȗȔȚȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ .

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ŦƁƌƎƝ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ

ŨƌƋƏƐžƋƐƆƋƌƍƌƉƚ ꢀꢆꢊꢉꢀ Ɓ .

ǩ ꢀꢏꢈꢎꢀ Ȋ . ꢁꢀ ȘȖȚȘșȦ ꢀꢊꢐꢀ ȒȌș ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗȇ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ Ș ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȌȐ ,

ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȣ ȋȉȏȔȚȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ꢁ

ǶȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȋȇȒȘȦ ꢇꢀ ȈȒȏȎ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȢ ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ țȒȕș ꢀ ȘȍȌȊ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ ªȊȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȕȊȔȌȓ« .

ªǪȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȕȊȕȔȣ« ²

ȊȕȗȥȞȇȦ ꢀ ȘȓȌȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȕȘȔȕȉȌ ꢀ

ȔȌțșȏ ꢁꢀ ȘȌȗȢ ꢁꢀ ȘȌȒȏșȗȢ ,

ȘȓȕȒȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȎȓȕȍȔȕ ꢁꢀ

ȓȇȘȒȇ ꢁꢀ ȑȕșȕȗȇȦ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȊȇȘȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉȕȋȕȐ ꢂꢀ ǨȕȞȑȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȘȕȘȚȋȢ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȋȕȍȍȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȘȓȌȘȣȥ ꢀ ȎȇȈȗȇȘȢȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȉȗȇȍȌȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕȗȇȈȒȏ ꢀ ȏȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȠȣȥ ꢀ

ȓȌșȇșȌȒȣȔȢȜ ꢀ ȕȗȚȋȏȐ ꢂꢀ

Ǩȏșȉȇ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȝȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǩȘȌȉȕȒȕȋ ꢀ ǯȉȇȔȕȉ ꢂ

ŭƌƓƌƂ ꢀ ŦƁƌƎƝ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ ŨƌƋƏƐžƋƐƆƋƌƍƌƉƚ ꢀꢆꢊꢉꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǶȒȇȓȦ ꢁꢀ ȕȜȉȇșȏȉȟȌȌ ꢀ Ȓȇȋȣȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȗȕȘȇȉȟȏȜȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȓȕȗȌ ꢀ ȒȥȋȌȐ ꢁꢀ ȉȔȚȟȏȒȕ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȉȕȏȔȇȓ ꢀ șȇȑȕȐ ꢀ ȚȍȇȘ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢁꢀ

ȉȌȗȔȚȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȋȕȓȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȗȇȘȘȑȇȎȢȉȇȒȏ ꢁꢀ ȈȚȋșȕ ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȏ ꢀ ȕȈȗȚȟȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȓȕȒȔȏȏ ꢀ ȔȌȈȌȘȔȢȌ ꢂꢀ

ǪȗȌȞȌȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȕȊȕȔȣ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ǷȇȋȎȏȉȏȒȒȕȉȘȑȕȐ

ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢂ

ŭƌƓƌƂƙ ꢀ ŦƁƌƎƝ ꢀ Ƌž ꢀ

ŨƌƋƏƐžƋƐƆƋƌƍƌƉƚ ꢀꢆꢊꢊꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǾȌȗȌȎ ꢀ șȗȏ ꢀ Ȋȕȋȇ ꢄꢀ ȉ ꢀꢏꢈꢈꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ꢁꢀ ȔȇȔȦȉ ꢀ ȋȕȖȕȒȔȏșȌȒȣȔȚȥ ꢀ

ȉȇȗȦȍȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȗȇșȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȍȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȉȕȐȘȑȕ ꢁꢀ ǯȊȕȗȣ ȉȔȕȉȣ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȋȖȗȏȔȦȒ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǽȇȗȣȊȗȇȋ ꢁꢀ

ǯȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗ ꢀ ȖȗȏȘȒȇȒ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȥ ȖȕȘȒȕȉ ꢀ Șȕ ꢀ ȘȒȕȉȇȓȏ ꢇꢀ ªǴȌ ꢂ

Ȝȕȋȏ ꢂ ȑ ꢂ ȊȗȇȋȚ ꢁꢂ Ȕȕ ꢂ ȉȕȎȣȓȏ ꢂ ȋȇȔȣ ꢁꢂ ȥȍȌ ȏȓȇȒ ǵȒȌȊ ꢁꢂ Ȗȗȏȋȇȓ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ

ȌȠȌ ꢂ ȑ ꢂ șȕȐ ꢂ ȋȇȔȏ« ꢀꢂ DZȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȕȈȗȇșȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȌ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ

ȘȕȉȌșȕȓ ꢂ

ǫȗȚȍȏȔȇ ꢀ ȕșȉȌșȏȒȇ ꢇꢀ ªǾȌȊȕ ꢂ ȈȕȒȌ ꢂ ȜȕșȌșȣ ꢂ ² ȔȌ ꢂ ȈȏȉȟȏȘȣ ꢁꢂ

ȉȎȦșȣ ꢂ ȎȒȇșȕ ꢁꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȘȌȗȌȈȗȕ ꢁꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȖȇȉȕȒȕȑȏ" ꢂ DZșȕ ꢂ ȎȔȇȌș ꢁꢂ ȑșȕ ꢂ

ȕȋȕȒȌȌș ꢁꢂ ȓȢ ꢂ Ȓȏ ꢁꢂ ȕȔȌ Ȓȏ" ꢂ ǸȌ ꢂ Ȉȕ ȔȌ ꢂ Ȗȕ ꢂ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢂ Ȝȕȋȏȓ ꢁꢂ Ȕȕ ꢂ Ȗȕ ꢂ

ȊȒȚȈȏȔȌ ꢂ ȓȕȗȘȑȕȐ« .

ǩȎȦȉ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢁꢀ ǯȊȕȗȣ ȉȌȗȔȚȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ .

ŢƌƁƌƀƌƎƙ ꢀ ŦƁƌƎƝ ꢀ Ə ꢀ ŠƆƅžƋƐƆƃƇ ꢀꢆꢊꢉꢀ Ɔ ꢀꢆꢊꢊꢀ ƁƁ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢈꢈꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȢ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȎȇȑȒȥȞȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȔȕȉȕȊȕ ꢀ ȓȏȗȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗȇ ꢂꢀ ǶȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȢ ꢀ ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ ꢁꢀ ȊȋȌ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗ ꢀ ȚșȉȌȗȋȏȒ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȎȇșȌȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ

ȖȗȏȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȕȌ ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȕȒȣȘșȉȕ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȚșȉȌȗȍȋȌȔ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢂ

ǩ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗȌ ꢀꢏꢈꢈꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ Ș ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȌȐ ȖȕȋșȉȌȗȍȋȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȏȌ ꢀ ȚȘȒȕȉȏȦ ꢀ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗȇ ꢀ ǵȒȌȊȇ 907 ² ꢏꢎꢎꢀ ȊȊ .

ǵȋȔȇȑȕ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȢ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȢ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ șȌȖȌȗȣ ꢀ Ȏȏȓȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȋȕȒȍȔȢ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉȕȎȉȗȇȠȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ

ȋȕȓȕȐ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ șȌȞȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȔȇȉȏȊȇȝȏȏ .

ǩ ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗȌ ꢀꢏꢈꢈꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ȕȊȗȇȔȏȞȌȔȕ ꢀ ȑȕȒȏȞȌȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȖȕȑȚȖȇȌȓȢȜ ꢀ

ȗȚȘȘȑȏȓȏ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȇȓȏ ꢀ șȑȇȔȌȐ ꢂ

ǷȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȑȚȖȝȢ ꢀ ȖȕșȌȗȦȒȏ ꢀ Ȗȗȇȉȕ ꢀ ȈȌȘȖȕȟȒȏȔȔȕȐ ꢀ șȕȗȊȕȉȒȏ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ꢁ

ǷȚȘȣ ȕȈȦȎȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȋȇșȣ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȎȇȜȉȇșȢȉȇșȣ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȚȘșȣȌ ꢀ ǫȔȌȖȗȇ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȕȗȕȔȦșȣ ꢀ ǼȌȗȘȕȔȌȘ ȕș ꢀ

ȔȇȖȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ² ªȞȌȗȔȢȜ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ« ꢂꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȢ ꢀ ȖȗȕȘȦș ꢀ ȓȏȗȇ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǷȇȋȎȏȉȏȒȒȕȉȘȑȕȐ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢂ

ǷȚȘȣ ȕȈȦȎȇȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȖȕȓȕȊȇșȣ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ ȉȕȐȘȑȇȓȏ ꢂ

ꢂꢂꢂ @ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔȌ ꢁꢀ ȉȢȐȋȦ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ǯȘȑȕȗȕȘșȌȔȦ ꢁꢀ ȚȈȏȒȏ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȓȇȒȕ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȖȕȊȗȌȈȌȔ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȣ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȌȘșȣ ꢀ ȓȕȊȏȒȇ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ǯȘȑȕȗȕȘșȌȔȦ ȉ ꢀ ǫȌȗȌȉȘȑȕȐ ȎȌȓȒȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ ȘȌȊȕ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȏ« ꢂ " width="640"

dzȇȗȟȗȚș ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȦ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȌȐ ꢁꢀ

DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ŠƌƏƏƐžƋƆƃ ꢀ ƂƎƃƀƉƝƋ ꢀꢆꢊꢋꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǸȕȊȒȇȘȔȕ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ,

ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȣ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȚȈȏș ꢀ ȉȕ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȦ ꢀ ȉȎȏȓȇȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȋȇȔȏ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢏꢈꢊꢀ Ȋ ꢁ

ǯȊȕȗȣ ȖȕȖȢșȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉȎȦșȣ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȏȞȔȕ ꢁꢀ

ªȍȌȒȇȦ ꢂ ȈȕȒȣȟȌȊȕ ꢂ ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȇ« ꢂꢀ ǸȓȌȗșȣ ꢀ

DZȇȎȔȣ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ

ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȦ ȖȕȑȇȎȇȒȇ ꢀ ȔȌȘȕȉȌȗȟȌȔȘșȉȕ ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȦ

ȏ ꢀ ȔȌȕȈȜȕȋȏȓȕȘșȣ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȗȌțȕȗȓȏȗȕȉȇșȣ ꢂ

ǻȌȋȕȗ ꢀ ǨȗȚȔȏ .

Ƕȕ ꢀ ©ǽȜȐȓȟȠȖ ꢀ ȐȞȓȚȓțțȩȣ ꢀ șȓȠª ꢂꢀ

ªǶȕȗȇȎȓȢȘȒȏȉ ꢁꢀ ǯȊȕȗȣ ꢀ ȘȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȐ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȌ ꢇꢀꢒ ǯȋȏșȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȋȇȔȣȥ ꢀ

ȋȕȓȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Ȧ ꢀ ȉȕȎȉȗȇȠȚȘȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȍȚ ꢀ ȌȠȌ ꢒꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȕșȖȚȘșȏȒ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȚ ꢀ Șȉȕȥ ꢀ

ȋȕȓȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ Șȇȓ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȓȇȒȕȐ ꢀ ȞȇȘșȣȥ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȢ ꢀ ȉȌȗȔȚȒȘȦ ꢁꢀ ȍȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȌȊȕ ꢀ

ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȇ ꢂꢀ ǫȗȌȉȒȦȔȌ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢁꢀ ȚȘȒȢȟȇȉ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȏȋȌș ꢀ ȘȔȕȉȇ ꢁꢀ ȋȌȗȍȇȒȏ ꢀ ȘȕȉȌș ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢀ Șȉȕȏȓ ꢀ dzȇȒȕȓ ꢇꢀꢒ ǬȘȒȏ ꢀ ȖȕȉȇȋȏșȘȦ ꢀ ȉȕȒȑ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȕȉȝȇȓ ꢁꢀ șȕ ꢀ ȉȢȔȌȘȌș ꢀ

ȉȘȌ ꢀ Șșȇȋȕ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕȑȇ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȈȣȥș ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢅꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ Ȥșȕș ꢇꢀ ȌȘȒȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȈȣȌȓ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ șȕ ꢀ ȉȘȌȜ ꢀ

ȔȇȘ ꢀ ȖȕȊȚȈȏș ꢒꢀ ꢂꢂꢂ @ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔȌ ꢁꢀ ȉȢȐȋȦ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ǯȘȑȕȗȕȘșȌȔȦ ꢁꢀ ȚȈȏȒȏ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȓȇȒȕ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȖȕȊȗȌȈȌȔ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȣ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȌȘșȣ ꢀ ȓȕȊȏȒȇ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ǯȘȑȕȗȕȘșȌȔȦ ȉ ꢀ ǫȌȗȌȉȘȑȕȐ ȎȌȓȒȌ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ȘȌȊȕ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȏ« ꢂ

ūžƉƌƁƌƀžƝ ꢀ ƎƃƒƌƎƊž ꢀ ŬƉƚƁƆ

ǾȌșȑȕ ꢀ ȎȇțȏȑȘȏȗȕȉȇȔȔȢȜ ꢀ Ȕȕȗȓ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ȘȈȕȗȌ ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȦ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȒȕ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȎȓȌȗȢ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȎȇȑȗȌȖȒȦȒ ꢀ Ȓȏȟȣ ꢀ

ȔȌȖȏȘȇȔȢȐ ꢀ ȕȈȢȞȇȐ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȎȉȕȒȦȒȕ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȥ ꢀ ȚȉȌȒȏȞȏȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȖȕȈȕȗȢ ꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ șȌȜ ꢀ Ȗȕȗ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕȑȇ ꢀ ȋȇȔȔȏȑȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȉȕȎȓȚșȏȒȏȘȣ ꢂꢀ ǩȉȏȋȚ ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ǵȒȣȊȇ ȚȘșȇȔȕȉȏȒȇ ꢀ ªȚȗȕȑȏ« ꢄꢀ ªȘșȇȔȕȉȏȠȇ« ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ªȖȕȊȕȘșȢ« ꢁ

Ǻȗȕȑȏ ² Ȥșȕ ꢀ șȉȌȗȋȢȌ ꢁꢀ

țȏȑȘȏȗȕȉȇȔȔȢȌ ꢀ ȗȇȎȓȌȗȢ ꢀ ȋȇȔȏ

ǸșȇȔȕȉȏȠȌȓ ꢁꢀ Ȗȕ - ȉȏȋȏȓȕȓȚ ꢁꢀ

ȔȇȎȢȉȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȓȌȘșȕ ꢁꢀ ȊȋȌ ꢀ

ȕȘșȇȔȇȉȒȏȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣȦ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȌȎȋȑȇȜ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȖȕȒȥȋȣȌ ꢂꢀ

Ƕȕȋ ꢀ ȖȕȊȕȘșȇȓȏ ȘȒȌȋȚȌș ꢀ

ȖȕȔȏȓȇșȣ ꢀ ȘȑȕȗȌȌ ꢀ ȚȑȗȌȖȒȌȔȔȢȌ ꢀ

ȋȉȕȗȢ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȗȏȑȇȎȞȏȑȕȉ -

șȏȚȔȕȉ ꢁꢀ ȑȚȋȇ ꢀ ȘȉȕȎȏȒȕ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ

ȕȑȗȌȘșȔȕȌ ꢀ ȔȇȘȌȒȌȔȏȌ ꢂꢀ

ǶȕȘșȌȖȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȕȔȏ ꢀ ȖȗȌȉȗȇȠȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀ ȕȖȕȗȔȢȌ ꢀ ȖȚȔȑșȢ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȉȒȇȘșȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȚȋȇȒȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȓȌȘșȔȕȘșȦȜ .

ǸȕȍȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǵȒȣȊȕȐ ꢀ ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔȘȑȏȜ ȖȕȘȒȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȇȔȌ ꢁꢀ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǷȇȋȎȏȉȏȒȒȕȉȘȑȕȐ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢂ

ŢƆƍƉƌƊžƐƆƝ ꢀ ƈƋƝƁƆƋƆ ꢀ ŬƉƚƁƆ

ǴȕȉȢȐ ꢀ ȤșȇȖ ꢀ ȕșȔȕȟȌȔȏȐ ꢀ ȓȌȍȋȚ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣȥ ȏ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȌȐ ȔȇȘșȚȖȏȒ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȊȏȔȌ ꢀ ǵȒȣȊȌ . ǩ ꢀꢏꢊꢆꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ꢃ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȓ ꢀ ȘȉȌȋȌȔȏȦȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢏꢊꢊꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ) ǵȒȣȊȇ Șȇȓȇ ꢀ

ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȣ Ș ꢀ ȉȏȎȏșȕȓ .

ǹȇȓ ꢀ ȕȔȇ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȦȒȇ ꢀ ȑȗȌȠȌȔȏȌ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȞȌȓ ꢀ ȑȗȌȘșȏȒ ꢀ ȌȌ ꢀ ȖȇșȗȏȇȗȜ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȑȗȌȘșȔȢȓ ꢀ

ȕșȝȕȓ ꢀ ȉȢȘșȚȖȏȒ ꢀ Șȇȓ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗ ꢂꢀ DZȔȦȊȏȔȥ ꢀ ȖȗȏȔȏȓȇȒȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȌ Ș ꢀ ȈȕȒȣȟȏȓ ꢀ ȖȕȞȌșȕȓ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ȘȉȏȋȌșȌȒȣȘșȉȕȉȇȒȕ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȗȕȘșȌ ꢀ

ȖȗȌȘșȏȍȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ .

ǺȘșȇȔȕȉȒȌȔȔȢȐ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȌȓ ȉ ꢀꢏꢈꢈꢀ Ȋ ꢁ

ȗȚȘȘȑȕ - ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȘȕȥȎ ꢀ ȚȑȗȌȖȏȒȘȦ .

ǸȉȦșȇȦ ꢀ ȗȇȉȔȕȇȖȕȘșȕȒȣȔȇȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȊȏȔȦ ꢀ

ǵȒȣȊȇ ꢀꢂ ȑȗȌȠȌȔȏȌ ).

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǸȌȗȊȌȐ ꢀ DZȏȗȏȒȒȕȉ ꢂ

DZȗȌȠȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ǵȒȣȊȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȕȔȘșȇȔșȏȔȕȖȕȒȌ ꢁ

dzȏȔȏȇșȥȗȇ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǷȇȋȎȏȉȏȒȒȕȉȘȑȕȐ ȒȌșȕȖȏȘȏ ꢂ

ǽȓȞȐȩȓ ꢀ ǾȬȞȖȘȜȐȖȥȖ ꢁꢀ

ǼȠ ꢀ ǾȬȞȖȘȎ ꢀ ȒȜ ꢀ ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞȎ ꢀ ǺȜțȜȚȎȣȎ ꢁꢀ

ǫȏȔȇȘșȏȞȌȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȘȜȌȓȇ ꢂ

ǾȬȞȖȘ ꢀ

(?-879)

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

Ǽșȓȑ ꢀꢃ " -912)

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢎꢍꢉ - ꢎꢏꢑꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢎꢏꢑ - ꢎꢎꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢎꢎꢉ - ꢑꢈꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǼșȪȑȎ ꢀ

ǶȑȜȞȪ ꢀ

(?-969)

(878-945)

ǩȌȒȏȑȇȦ ꢀ ȑȔȦȊȏȔȦ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȑȏȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀꢑꢋꢌ - ꢑꢍꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢑꢈꢉ - ꢑꢋꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(942-972)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ȉ ꢀꢑꢍꢉ - ꢑꢏꢉꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȍȞȜȝȜșȘ ꢀ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞ ꢀ

Ǽșȓȑ ꢀ

(?-980)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(960-1015)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(?-972)

ȉ ꢀꢑꢏꢉ - ꢑꢎꢐꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢑꢎꢐ - ꢈꢐꢈꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǿȐȭȠȜȝȜșȘ ꢀ

ȍȞȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

DZșȓȏ ꢀ

ǯȜȞȖȟ ꢀ

ǺȟȠȖȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(978-1054)

(980-1019)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ

(?-1036)

(986-1015)

(987-1015)

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢈꢌ - ꢈꢐꢈꢑꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢈꢍꢁꢀꢈꢐꢈꢑ - ꢈꢐꢌꢋꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǶȕȭȟșȎȐ ꢀ

ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐ ꢀ

ǰȟȓȐȜșȜȒ ꢀ

ǶȑȜȞȪ ꢀ

ǰȭȥȓȟșȎȐ ꢀ

(1030-1093)

(1024-1078)

(1024-1076)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(?-1060)

(1036-1057)

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢌꢋ - ꢈꢐꢏꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢏꢊ - ꢈꢐꢏꢍꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢏꢎ - ꢈꢐꢑꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞ ꢀ

ǺȜțȜȚȎȣ ꢀ

ǿȐȭȠȜȝȜșȘ ꢀ

Ǽșȓȑ ꢀ

(1050-1113)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(1053-1125)

ǩȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȑȏȌȉȘȑȏȐ ꢀ

(1053-1115)

ȉ ꢀꢈꢐꢑꢊ - ꢈꢈꢈꢊꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ȉ ꢀꢈꢈꢈꢊ - ꢈꢈꢉꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢂ

ŭƎžƀƉƃƋƆƃ ꢀ ƈƋƝƅƝ ꢀ ůƀƝƐƌƏƉžƀž

DZȗȌȘșȏșȣ ꢀ ȘȢȔȇ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ǵȒȣȊȌ ȔȌ ꢀ ȚȋȇȒȕȘȣ ꢁꢀ șȕș ꢀ ȕȘșȇȉȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȦȎȢȞȔȏȑȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȍȌȒȇȦ ꢀ ȏȋșȏ ꢀ Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ

ȉȌȗȕȉȇȔȏȐ ꢀ ȘȉȕȌȐ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȢ ꢂ DZȔȦȎȣ - ȦȎȢȞȔȏȑ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȉȕȟȌȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȏȘșȕȗȏȥ ꢀ ȖȗȌȍȋȌ ꢀ ȉȘȌȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȉȕȏșȌȒȣ ꢁꢀ

ȖȕȒȑȕȉȕȋȌȝ ꢂ

ǰȖȕȎțȠȖȗȟȘȖȗ ꢀ ȣȞȜțȖȟȠ ꢀ ǹȓȐ ꢀ DzȖȎȘȜț ꢀ Ȝ ꢀ ȐțȓȦțȓȚ ꢀ ȜȏșȖȘȓ ꢀ

Șțȭȕȭ ꢀ ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐȎ ꢂ

ªǶȕȑȇȎȇȒȘȦ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ǸțȌȔȋȕȘȒȇȉ ꢁꢀ ȖȗȏȖȒȢȉȟȏȐ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȗȌȑȌ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȘȑȏțȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȒȇȋȣȌ ꢅꢀ ȕȔ ꢀ

ȘȏȋȌȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȌȘȒȇȜ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȊȗȌȈ ꢀ ȉȓȌȘșȌ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȒȏȍȌȔȔȢȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȔȏȞȌȓ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȕșȒȏȞȇȦȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢂꢀ ǩȕș ꢀ ȑȇȑȕȉȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȔȇȗȚȍȔȕȘșȣ ꢇꢀ ȚȓȌȗȌȔȔȕȊȕ ꢀ ȗȕȘșȇ ꢁꢀ

ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȒȏȟȑȕȓ ꢀ ȉȢȘȕȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȕȞȌȔȣ ꢀ ȔȏȎȑȕȊȕ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȊȚȘșȢȓȏ ꢀ ȈȗȕȉȦȓȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȘȉȌșȒȕ - ȘȏȔȏȓȏ ꢀ ȊȒȇȎȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȑȚȗȔȕȘȢȐ ꢁꢀ ȈȌȎȈȕȗȕȋȢȐ ꢁꢀ Ș ꢀ ȊȚȘșȢȓȏ ꢁꢀ ȞȗȌȎȓȌȗȔȕ ꢀ

ȋȒȏȔȔȢȓȏ ꢀ ȉȕȒȕȘȇȓȏ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ȉȌȗȜȔȌȐ ꢀ ȊȚȈȕȐ ꢂꢀ ǪȕȒȕȉȇ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ

ȘȕȉȌȗȟȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȊȕȒȇȦ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢀ Ȍȧ ꢀ ȘȉȏȘȇȒ ꢀ ȑȒȕȑ ꢀ ȉȕȒȕȘ ꢀ ²

ȖȗȏȎȔȇȑ ꢀ ȎȔȇșȔȕȘșȏ ꢀ ȗȕȋȇ ꢅꢀ ȑȗȌȖȑȏȐ ꢀ ȎȇșȢȒȕȑ ꢁꢀ ȟȏȗȕȑȇȦ ꢀ ȊȗȚȋȣ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȋȗȚȊȏȌ ꢀ

ȞȇȘșȏ ꢀ șȌȒȇ ꢀ ȉȖȕȒȔȌ ꢀ ȘȕȗȇȎȓȌȗȔȢȌ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȉȢȊȒȦȋȌȒ ꢀ ȕȔ ꢀ ȜȓȚȗȢȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȚȗȕȉȢȓ ꢂꢀ ǩ ꢀ

ȕȋȔȕ ꢀ ȚȜȕ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȉȋȌșȇ ꢀ ȎȕȒȕșȇȦ ꢀ ȘȌȗȣȊȇ ꢅꢀ ȕȔȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȇ ꢀ ȚȑȗȇȟȌȔȇ ꢀ

ȑȇȗȈȚȔȑȚȒȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȕȈȗȇȓȒȌȔȔȢȓ ꢀ ȋȉȚȓȦ ꢀ ȍȌȓȞȚȍȏȔȇȓȏ ꢂꢀ ǵȋȌȦȔȏȌ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ

ȈȌȒȢȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕșȒȏȞȇȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȕș ꢀ ȕȋȌȍȋȢ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ȖȗȏȈȒȏȍȧȔȔȢȜ ꢀ șȕȒȣȑȕ ꢀ ȎȇȓȌșȔȕȐ ꢀ

ȞȏȘșȕșȕȐ«

ǩȘșȗȌȞȇ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȓ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗȕȓ ꢀ ǯȕȇȔȔȕȓ ꢀ ǽȏȓȏȘȜȏȌȓ .

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ DZȒȇȉȋȏȐ ꢀ DzȌȈȌȋȌȉ ꢂ

ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƍƌƓƌƂƙ

ǴȇȏȈȕȒȌȌ ꢀ ȚȘȖȌȟȔȕȐ ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȇȑȝȏȌȐ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ

ȘșȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢁ

ȃȎȕȎȞȟȘȖȓ ꢀ ȝȜȣȜȒȩ ꢀ Șțȭȕȭ ꢀ ǿȐȭȠȜȟșȎȐȎ ꢁꢀ

ȃȞȜțȜșȜȑȖȭ ꢂ

964 ǶȌȗȉȢȐ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢁ

ǩȦșȏȞȏ ² ȖȕȘȒȌȋȔȌȌ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȕȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȌ ꢀ ȖȒȌȓȦ ꢁꢀ ȋȕ ꢀ

ȘȏȜ ꢀ Ȗȕȗ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏȉȟȌȊȕ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȓȚ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȚ ꢁ

.

965 ǶȕȜȕȋ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǸȇȗȑȌȒ .

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« ꢉꢀ ªǩ ꢂ ȒȌșȕ ꢂꢆꢇꢈꢉꢂꢃꢊꢆꢋꢅꢂ

ȖȕȟȧȒ ꢂ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢂ ȜȇȎȇȗ ꢀꢂ ǺȘȒȢȟȇȉ ꢂ ȍȌ ꢁꢂ ȜȇȎȇȗȢ ꢂ

ȉȢȟȒȏ ꢂ ȔȇȉȘșȗȌȞȚ ꢂ ȌȓȚ ꢂ Șȕ ꢂ Șȉȕȏȓ ꢂ ȑȔȦȎȌȓ ꢂ ȑȇȊȇȔȕȓ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ

ȘȕȟȒȏȘȣ ꢂ ȈȏșȣȘȦ ꢁꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȉ ꢂ ȈȏșȉȌ ꢂ ȕȋȕȒȌȒ ꢂ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢂ

ȜȇȎȇȗ ꢁꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȘșȕȒȏȝȚ ꢂ ȏȜ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ǨȌȒȚȥ ꢂ ǩȌȍȚ ꢂ ȉȎȦȒ ꢀꢂ ǯ ꢂ ȖȕȈȌȋȏȒ ꢂ

ȦȘȕȉ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȑȇȘȕȊȕȉ« ꢀ

966-968 ǶȕȋȞȏȔȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȊȗȕȓ

ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇșȇ ꢁ

ǶȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ųžƅžƎƏƈƆƃ ꢀ ƍƌƓƌƂƙ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢋꢋ - ȓ ꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȖȗȏȔȚȋȏȒ ꢀ ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢀ ȖȒȇșȏșȣ ꢀ

ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȚ ꢁ

ǯȎ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȒȌș« : ª ꢀꢀꢀ ȉȦșȏȞȌȐ ꢂ

ȖȕȈȌȋȏȒ ꢂ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢂ ȏ ꢂ ȋȇȔȣ ꢂ Ȕȇ ꢂ ȔȏȜ ꢂ ȉȕȎȒȕȍȏȒ« ꢀ

ǩ ꢀ ȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȉșȕȗȕȊȕ ꢀ ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȉȎȦșȢ ꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋȇ ꢀ ǯșȏȒȣ ꢄꢀ ǸȌȓȌȔȋȌȗ ꢄꢀ ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ ꢁꢀ

ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȑȇȊȇȔȇș ꢀ țȇȑșȏȞȌȘȑȏ ꢀ ȖȗȌȑȗȇșȏȒ ꢀ

ȘȚȠȌȘșȉȕȉȇȔȏȦ ꢁꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ȚȘșȇȔȕȉȏȒȇ ꢀ

ȔȌȑȕȌ ꢀ ȖȕȋȕȈȏȌ ꢀ ȑȕȔșȗȕȒȦ ꢀ Ȕȇȋ ꢀ ǩȕȒȍȘȑȏȓ ꢀ ȖȚșȌȓ ꢁ

ǹȇȑȍȌ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȜȕȋȌ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋȕȉ ꢀ 966- ꢏꢋꢏꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ ȈȢȒȏ ꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏșȢ ꢀ

ȉȕȒȍȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȈȚȒȊȇȗȢ ꢀ ꢃ ȉ ꢀ ªǶȕȉȌȘșȏ ꢀ ȉȗȌȓȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ

ȒȌș« ꢀ ȤșȕȊȕ ꢀ ȔȌș ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ ȉȕȘșȕȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȇȉșȕȗȢ ꢀ

ȚȖȕȓȏȔȇȥș ꢄꢂ

ǹȓȚșȇȗȇȑȇȔȣ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȘȑȏȐ ꢀ ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀꢂ ȑȕȔȌȝ ꢀꢏꢋꢇ - Ȝ ꢀ ȊȊ ). DZȇȗșȇ ꢀ

ŭƌƓƌƂƙ ꢀ ůƀƝƐƌƏƉžƀž ꢀ

ŦƁƌƎƃƀƆƕž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƜ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȇȦ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȏȦ ꢀ ȜȕșȌȒȇ ꢀ ȏȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȉȕȌȔȔȚȥ

ȘȏȒȚ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢀ ȋȒȦ ꢀ ȖȕȋȇȉȒȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗȘȑȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȉȕȘȘșȇȔȏȦ ꢂꢀ

ǵȋȔȇȑȕ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȎȈȏȉ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ꢁꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȔȌ ꢀ șȕȗȕȖȏȒȘȦ ꢀ

ȚȜȕȋȏșȣ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȋȚȔȇȐȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȎȌȓȌȒȣ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ ȎȇșȌȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȉȘȌ ꢀ ȘȌȒ ꢀ șȇȓ ꢀ

ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢂ

Ƕȕ ꢀ ©ǽȜȐȓȟȠȖ ꢀ ȐȞȓȚȓțțȩȣ ꢀ șȓȠª ꢂꢀ

ªǶȕȟȌȒ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȐ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȈȏȒȏȘȣ ꢀ ȕȈȌ ꢀ

ȘșȕȗȕȔȢ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȕȋȕȒȌȒ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ȈȕȒȊȇȗ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȎȦȒ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋȕȉ ꢀ

ȏȜ ꢀꢎꢐꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȥ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȌȒ ꢀ ȑȔȦȍȏșȣ ꢀ șȇȓ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȝȌ ,

ȈȌȗȦ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȕȉ« ꢂ

ŠƌƇƋž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƆ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢋꢏꢀ Ȋ ꢁ , ȕȑȇȎȇȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȌ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ ȘȔȦșȏȦ ꢀ ȕȘȇȋȢ ꢀ

ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȕȈȡȦȘȔȦȒ ꢀ ȓȇșȌȗȏ ꢀꢃ ȑȔȦȊȏȔȌ ꢀ

ǵȒȣȊȌ ꢄꢀ ȖȗȏȞȏȔȢ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ țȇȑșȏȞȌȘȑȕȓ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȔȕȘȌ ꢀ ȘșȕȒȏȝȢ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȐ ȉ ꢀ Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȌȝ ꢀ Șȓ ꢁꢂ ȑȇȗșȚ ꢃꢁ

Ƕȕ ꢀ ©ǽȜȐȓȟȠȖ ꢀ ȐȞȓȚȓțțȩȣ ꢀ șȓȠª ꢂꢀ

ªǴȌ ꢀ ȒȥȈȕ ꢀ ȓȔȌ ꢀ ȘȏȋȌșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉȌ ꢁꢀ ȜȕȞȚ ꢀ ȍȏșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȝȌ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȌ ꢀ ² ȏȈȕ ꢀ șȇȓ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȋȏȔȇ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ

ȓȕȌȐ ꢁꢀ șȚȋȇ ꢀ ȘșȌȑȇȥșȘȦ ꢀ ȉȘȌ ꢀ ȈȒȇȊȇ ꢇꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǪȗȌȞȌȘȑȕȐ ꢀ ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢀ

² ȎȕȒȕșȕ ꢁꢀ ȖȇȉȕȒȕȑȏ ꢁꢀ ȉȏȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȗȇȎȒȏȞȔȢȌ ꢀ ȖȒȕȋȢ ꢁꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ

ǾȌȜȏȏ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǩȌȔȊȗȏȏ ꢀ ȘȌȗȌȈȗȕ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȑȕȔȏ ꢁꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǷȚȘȏ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ

ȓȌȜȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȕȘȑ ꢁꢀ ȓȌȋ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȗȇȈȢ« ꢂ

ǺȜȕȋȦ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ǫȚȔȇȐ , ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȕȘșȇȉȏȒ ꢀ ȈȌȎ ꢀ ȎȇȠȏșȢ ꢀ

ȗȕȋȔȕȐ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ . ǩ ꢀꢏꢋꢌꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ꢁꢀ ȉȕȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇȉȟȏȘȣ ꢀ Ȥșȏȓ ꢁꢀ

Ȋȕȗȕȋ ꢀ ȕȘȇȍȋȇȒȏ ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȏ ꢂꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ Ș ꢀ ȘȌȗȣȌȎȔȢȓ ꢀ

ȎȇȖȕȎȋȇȔȏȌȓ ꢀ ȘȔȦȒ ꢀ ȕȘȇȋȚ ꢁꢀ ȎȇșȌȓ ꢀ ȉȌȗȔȚȒȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢁꢀ șȇȓ ꢀ ȖȗȏȟȒȕȘȣ ꢀ ȉȕȌȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȘȔȕȉȇ ꢀꢃ Ȏȇ ꢀ șȌ ꢀ ȍȌ ꢀ

ȎȌȓȒȏ ꢄꢂꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȖȕȉșȕȗȔȕ ꢀ ȉȎȦȒ ꢀ ǶȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȌȝ .

ŠƌƇƋž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƆ

Ǵȇ ꢀ ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ȉ ꢀꢏꢋꢆ - ꢏꢋꢌꢀ ȊȊ ꢁꢀ șȕȒȑȔȚȒȏ ꢀ

ȏȓȌȔȔȕ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ . Ȅșȕ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȌȠȌ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗȌ ꢀ ǴȏȑȏțȕȗȌ ꢀ ǻȕȑȌ . ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ȜȕșȌȒȏ ꢀ

ȏȘȖȕȒȣȎȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȑȇȑ ꢀ ȔȇȌȓȔȏȑȇ ꢂꢀ

Ǩȏșȉȇ ꢀ Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ǫȕȗȕȘșȕȒȌ

ꢏꢆꢎꢀ Ȋ ꢁꢀ DZȇȗșȇ - ȘȜȌȓȇ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȢȐ ꢀ ȏȓȖȌȗȇșȕȗ ꢀ ǯȕȇȔȔ ꢀ

ǽȏȓȏȘȜȏȐ ȖȕȖȗȕȘȏȒ ꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ȖȕȑȏȔȚșȣ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ȉ ꢀ ȕȈȓȌȔ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢂꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȎȇȖȗȕȘȏȒ ꢀ

ȋȕȖȕȒȔȏșȌȒȣȔȚȥ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣ ꢁꢀ Ȥșȕ ꢀ

ȉȢȎȉȇȒȕ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȕ - ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȔȚ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ꢁ

ǷȌȟȇȥȠȌȌ ꢀ ȖȕȗȇȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȖȕșȌȗȖȌȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȈȏșȉȌ ꢀ

Ȗȗȏ ꢀ ǫȕȗȕȘșȕȒȌ 971 Ȋ ꢂꢀꢀ ǪȗȌȑȏ ꢀ

ȔȌ ꢀ ȘȓȕȊȒȏ ꢀ ȉȎȦșȣ ꢀ ȑȗȌȖȕȘșȣ ꢁꢀ Ȕȕ ꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȉȢȔȚȍȋȌȔ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȘȏșȣ ꢀ ȕ ꢀ ȓȏȗȌ ꢂ

ǹȗȏȎȔȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȜ ꢀ

ȋȗȚȍȏȔȔȏȑȕȉ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȌ ꢀ

ȈȏșȉȢ ꢀ Ȗȕȋ ꢀ ǫȕȗȕȘșȕȒȕȓ ȉ ꢀ

ꢏꢆꢎꢀ ȊȕȋȚ ꢁꢀ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǪȌȔȗȏȜ ꢀ

ǸȌȓȏȗȇȋȘȑȏȐ .

ŠƌƇƋž ꢀ ƀ ꢀ şƌƉƁžƎƆƆ

Ƕȕ ꢀ ȚȘȒȕȉȏȦȓ ꢀ

ȓȏȗȇ ꢀ ȗȚȘȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȕȘșȇȉȒȦȒȏ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȥ ,

ȕȈȦȎȢȉȇȒȏȘȣ ꢀ

ȉȖȗȌȋȣ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ

ȉșȕȗȊȇșȣȘȦ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȔȌȌ ꢁꢀ ȇ ꢀ șȇȑȍȌ ꢀ

ȕȑȇȎȢȉȇșȣ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȏȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȓȕȠȣ ꢀ

Ȗȗȕșȏȉ ꢀ ȒȥȈȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȔȇȖȇȋȌȔȏȦ ꢀ

ȏȎȉȔȌ ꢂꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȏȦ

ȖȗȌȉȗȇșȏȒȇȘȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȉȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȚȥ ꢀ

ȖȗȕȉȏȔȝȏȥ .

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢁ

ǸȑȚȒȣȖșȕȗ ꢀ ǬȉȊȌȔȏȐ ꢀ DzȇȔȘȌȗȌ ꢂ

ůƊƃƎƐƚ ꢀ ůƀƝƐƌƏƉžƀž ꢀ ƀ ꢀꢆꢈꢅꢀ Ɓ ꢂ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȢ ꢀ ȖȗȌȋȚȖȗȌȋȏȒȏ ꢀ ȑȕȞȌȉȔȏȑȕȉ - ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȕȉ ꢁꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȉȕȎȉȗȇȠȇȌșȘȦ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ȓȇȒȕȞȏȘȒȌȔȔȕȐ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ șȌ ꢀ ȚȘșȗȕȏȒȏ ꢀ ȎȇȘȇȋȚ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȋȔȌȖȗȕȉȘȑȏȜ ꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȇȜ ꢁꢀ

ǩ ꢀꢏꢆꢍꢀ Ȋ ꢁ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȈȢȒ ꢀ ȚȈȏș ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȇȓȏ ꢁ

Ƕȕ ꢀ ©ǽȜȐȓȟȠȖ ꢀ ȐȞȓȚȓțțȩȣ ꢀ șȓȠª ꢂ

ªǮȇȑȒȥȞȏȉ ꢀ ȓȏȗ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȇȓȏ ꢁꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ȒȇȋȣȦȜ ꢀ ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȇȓ ꢂꢀ

ǯ ꢀ ȘȑȇȎȇȒ ꢀ ȌȓȚ ꢀ ȉȕȌȉȕȋȇ ꢀ ȕșȝȇ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢀ ǸȉȌȔȌȒȣȋ ꢇꢀꢒ ǵȈȕȐȋȏ ꢁꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢁꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȏ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ȑȕȔȦȜ ꢁꢀ ȏȈȕ ꢀ ȘșȕȦș ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȕȉ ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȏ ꢒꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȖȕȘȒȚȟȇȒ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȕȟȌȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȒȇȋȣȦȜ ꢂꢀ ǧ ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȦȘȒȇȉȝȢ ȖȕȘȒȇȒȏ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȇȓ ꢀ ȘȑȇȎȇșȣ ꢇꢀꢒ ǩȕș ꢀ ȏȋȌș ꢀ ȓȏȓȕ ꢀ

ȉȇȘ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ǷȚȘȣ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ Ș ꢀ ȔȌȈȕȒȣȟȕȐ ꢀ ȋȗȚȍȏȔȕȐ ꢁꢀ ȎȇȈȗȇȉ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȊȗȌȑȕȉ ꢀ ȓȔȕȊȕ ꢀ

ȈȕȊȇșȘșȉȇ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȖȒȌȔȔȢȜ ꢀ ȈȌȎ ꢀ ȞȏȘȒȇ ꢒꢂꢀ ǺȘȒȢȟȇȉ ꢀ ȕȈ ꢀ Ȥșȕȓ ꢁꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȊȏ ꢀ ȎȇȘșȚȖȏȒȏ ꢀ

ȖȕȗȕȊȏ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȖȗȏȟȌȒ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȖȕȗȕȊȇȓ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌȒȣȎȦ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀ ȏȜ ꢀ ȖȗȕȐșȏ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ

ȕȘșȇȔȕȉȏȒȘȦ ꢀ Ȏȏȓȕȉȇșȣ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ ǨȌȒȕȈȌȗȌȍȣȌ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȔȌ ꢀ ȘșȇȒȕ ꢀ Ț ꢀ ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȌȋȢ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȈȢȒ ꢀ Ț ꢀ

ȔȏȜ ꢀ ȉȌȒȏȑȏȐ ꢀ ȊȕȒȕȋ ꢁꢀ șȇȑ ꢀ Ȟșȕ ꢀ Ȗȕ ꢀ ȖȕȒȚȊȗȏȉȔȌ ȖȒȇșȏȒȏ ꢀ Ȏȇ ꢀ ȑȕȔȘȑȚȥ ꢀ ȊȕȒȕȉȚ ꢁꢀ

ȏ ꢀ șȚș ꢀ ȖȌȗȌȎȏȓȕȉȇȒ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ .

ǩ ꢀ Ȋȕȋ ꢀꢋꢈꢌꢇꢀꢂꢏꢆꢍꢃꢁꢀ DZȕȊȋȇ ꢀ ȔȇȘșȚȖȏȒȇ ꢀ ȉȌȘȔȇ ꢁꢀ ȕșȖȗȇȉȏȒȘȦ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ

ȖȕȗȕȊȇȓ ꢂꢀ ǯ ꢀ ȔȇȖȇȒ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢀ DZȚȗȦ ꢁꢀ ȑȔȦȎȣ ꢀ ȖȌȞȌȔȌȍȘȑȏȐ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȚȈȏȒȏ ꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȉȎȦȒȏ ꢀ ȊȕȒȕȉȚ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ ȏ ꢀ ȘȋȌȒȇȒȏ ꢀ ȞȇȟȚ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȞȌȗȌȖȇ ꢁꢀ ȕȑȕȉȇȉ ꢀ ȌȊȕ ꢁꢀ

ȏ ꢀ ȖȏȒȏ ꢀ ȏȎ ꢀ ȔȌȊȕ ꢂꢀ ǸȉȌȔȌȒȣȋ ȍȌ ꢀ ȖȗȏȟȌȒ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ DZȏȌȉ ꢀ ȑ ꢀ ȆȗȕȖȕȒȑȚ ꢂꢀ ǧ ꢀ ȉȘȌȜ ꢀ ȒȌș ꢀ

DZȕȔȞȏȔȇ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢁꢀ

ǼȚȋȕȍȔȏȑ ꢀ ǨȕȗȏȘ ꢀ Ǿȕȗȏȑȕȉ .

ȑȔȦȍȌȔȏȦ ꢀ ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ ȈȢȒȕ ꢀꢉꢎ «

907

ǶȌȗȉȢȐ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋ ꢀ

ǵȒȌȊȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȥ ꢂꢀ

ǹȕȗȊȕȉȢȐ ꢀ

ȋȕȊȕȉȕȗ

970-971

ǩȕȐȔȇ ꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ ꢀ Ș ꢀ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȐȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȏȓȖȌȗȏȌȐ

882

ǶȕȜȕȋ ꢀ

ǵȒȌȊȇ ꢀ Ȕȇ ꢀ

DZȏȌȉ

862

ǶȗȏȎȉȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȉȇȗȦȊȕȉ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ǴȕȉȊȕȗȕȋ

941-944

ǶȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ ǯȊȕȗȦ ꢀ

Ȕȇ ꢀ ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȥ

965-968

ǼȇȎȇȗȘȑȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȜȕȋȢ ꢀ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ

ǸȖȓȐȟȘȎȭ ꢀ ǾȡȟȪ ꢀ Ȑ ꢀꢄꢄꢈ -980 ȑȑ ꢁ

978 979

9

62 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975

7

862- ꢄꢅꢆꢀꢃ ǻ ꢇ

Ƿȥȗȏȑ

879- ꢄꢄꢈꢀꢃ ǻ ꢇ - ꢆꢉꢈꢀꢃ Ǹ ꢇ

ǵȒȌȊ

945-962

962-972 972-980

912-945

ǯȊȕȗȣ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉ ȆȗȕȖȕȒȑ

ǵȒȣȊȇ

945

898

ǵȘȇȋȇ ꢀ

DZȏȌȉȇ ꢀ

ȉȌȔȊȗȇȓȏ

968-969

957

914

DZȗȌȠȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ǨȕȒȊȇȗȘȑȇȦ ꢀ

ǶȌȗȉȢȐ ꢀ

ȈȚȔș ꢀ

ǵȒȣȊȏ ꢀ ȉ ꢀ

ȉȕȐȔȇ ꢀ ȑȔȦȎȦ ꢀ

ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔ

ǩȏȎȇȔșȏȏ

ǸȉȦșȕȘȒȇȉȇ

883-885

ǵȈȒȕȍȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ǵȒȌȊȕȓ ꢀ ȋȇȔȣȥ ꢀ

ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔ ꢁꢀ

863

ǩȕȘȘșȇȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȋȗȌȉȒȦȔ ꢂꢀ

ǺȈȏȐȘșȉȕ ꢀ

ǯȊȕȗȦ

ǯȎȕȈȗȌșȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȘȒȇȉȦȔȘȑȕȐ ꢀ

ȖȏȘȣȓȌȔȔȕȘșȏ ꢀ

DZȏȗȏȒȒȕȓ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

dzȌțȕȋȏȌȓ

ȘȌȉȌȗȦȔ ꢀ ȏ ꢀ

ȗȇȋȏȓȏȞȌȐ ꢂ

ǶȕȦȉȒȌȔȏȌ ꢀ

ȖȕȒȥȋȣȦ

946

ǴȇȒȕȊȕȉȇȦ ꢀ

ȗȌțȕȗȓȇ ꢀ ǵȒȣȊȏ ꢂꢀ

ǩȉȌȋȌȔȏȌ ꢀ ȖȕȊȕȘșȕȉ ꢀ

ȏ ꢀ Țȗȕȑȕȉ