НОУ Diffusion of Languages

Diffusion of Languages

Prepared by : Lihatskaya Mary, grade 11A

Scientific Coordinator: Galina Andreeva,

High Qualification English Teacher

Nizhny Novgorod

201 7

Nowadays we widely use foreign words in different areas

Sport

Серфинг, армрестлинг, фристайл.

Politics

Премьер-министр, парламент, мэр.

Tourism

Тур, гид, экскурсия, сервис.

Culture

Мемуары, реконструкция, декорировать.

Modern slang

Триллер, лузер, диск-жокей

Science

Эластичный, аналогичный, перманентный.

Targets

• To determine a root of the word ОК
• To suggest a word that will be used as often as the word OK in the near future

Tasks

• To study the information about loanwords ;
• to present the historical review of the anglicisms
• To classify the data received ;
• To determine a unified meaning of word «О K »;
• To examine existing theories of origin/adoption of this word ;
• To select and justify the most appropriate theory origin of the work « OK »

According to the Russian language text book , loanwords are the words adopted from foreign languages and incorporated into Russian language.

Reasons for adoption of words

• Close political, trade and economic ties;
• Use loanwords to name some special things;
• Influence of foreign cultures and fashion;
• Desire to make Russian language more modern

Loanwords update the language :

• Enhance language richness ;
• Serve as a source of new roots and terms ;
• Russian language becomes more modern ;
• Using loanwords, we better understand foreigners .

Many scientists also find disadvantages :

• We forget our « great and mighty » Russian language ;
• Though people are aware of Russian synonyms, they use loanwords ;
• Reluctant to make the text more understandable to a listener

Anglicisms and theirs types.

• An English word or expression that is used in another language called an Anglicism.
• 1. Phonetic borrowings
• 2. Hybrids
• 3. Direct loans
• 4. Exotic words
• 5. Compounds

An experiment.

Modern slang

Wow, Ok, Super

Tourism

Gide, Excursion, Visa

Culture

Gallery, Portrait, Museum

Politics

Default, President, Crisis

Science

Collider, Admittance, Pragmatics

Americans believe that the most popular in the world expression « OK » is truly American

Alan Walker Read

Suggested 12 versions of «Ок» origin

• Orrin kendall
• Open key
• Old Kinderhook
• All correct= oll korrect
• O ll korrekt

"oken" = affirmative answer to a question

• "oken" = affirmative answer to a question

ОК = Oberst Kommandant

( Supreme Command )

‘ OK’ is an abbreviation for Oberst Kommandant (the German for Colonel-in-Command)and was used by Baron Von Steuben, an American General in the Revolutionary War

«ОК» - derives from the name of the Haitian town Aux Cayes

Coat of arms

of Haiti

German version

«ohne korrektur»

(german)

=

« no correction »

French version

«0 killed » = « zero killed »

«O.K.»

( from Greek «OLA KALA )

=

« everything is all right »

Flag of Oklahoma

Martin Van Buren

In 1840 OK was used as the initials of Old Kinderhook, alias Martin Van Buren, the eighth President of the United States. During the campaign of his invalid re-election his supporters wrote: "Vote for OK."

Andrew Jackson

Another similar hypothesis is that the US president Andrew Jackson used this expression when making administrative decisions. He used to write «all correct» a la german «oll korrekt» or in abbreviated form «O.K.».

OK

Lexical meaning

OKEN

« approve »

« good »

Phonetic form

Expression of consent

[əu’kei]

Visual form

[‘əukən]

( presumable pronunciation )

ok

oken