«Emancipation Progress or regress »

АДМИНИСТРАЦИЯ ВОЛЖСКОГО РАЙОНА МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«ГОРОД САРАТОВ»

МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОЕ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ

« Лицей № 107»

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Державинская ул., д.10 г. Саратов, 410018. Тел.(8452) 43-31-03, факс (8452) 44-14-63

Research work

«Emancipation: Progress or regress »

made by:

Korolkova A.V.

Saratov 2022

Content

Chapter 1. Introduction............................................................................................1

1.1 The history of the movement.............................................................................. 4 1.2 The aim of the movement................................................................................... 7

2.The main part......................................................................................................11

2.1.Some facts from lives and activities of outstanding women ..........................12

2.2. Comparing emancipation with its false doctrine..............................................13

3. The research.........................................................................................................14

3.Conclusion...........................................................................................................12

4.Bibliography........................................................................................................14

Introduction

Some girls explain their vulgar and immoral behavior and untidy clothes by being emancipated. It`s false. Emancipation and behavior of such type are quite different things. Emancipation means female`s struggle for equal rights, an opportunity to live an active and happy life of full value.Vulgarism and roughness isnothing but anxiety and disgust.

We tried to analyze the main reason of female`s movement and showed its steps. We compared women`s activity at the beginning of the movement and now.

The purpose of our investigation is to prevent girls of blind, fanatic passion for feminism, to explain the difference between emancipation and debauch.

The tasks:

-to study the literature on the research topic;

-to analyze the main reason of female`s movement and showed its steps;

- to compared women`s activity at the beginning of the movement and now;

-to conduct a survey;

-to make a conclusion and formalize the work

We used a questionnaire for our scientific investigation to show boy`s attitude to this problem.

Learning the results of a questionnaire we came to the conclusion that they are not against emancipation but they want to see girls polite and feminine. They are ready to idealize women and call them "angels" and even "goddesses", to demonstrate an astonishing respect to girls. But if girls choose an “extravagant” style of life boys will treat girls as some said they want and expect: as "equals"-rough without respect.

Our scientific investigation consists of

INTRODUCTION where we put the most important questions,

MAIN PART where we try to solve this problem and

CONLUSION where we give some advice to girls.

The main part

Nature created people and divided them into male and female. Both men and women have heart and head with brain, body and two legs and arms. But it was historically established in society that men are stronger than women, they dominate women. Men have more rights and less duties while women have less rights and more duties at home. How to make men pay attention to women? How to make them face up women? How to prove them that women are not sillier but more industrious and have greater endurance. Who decided that women have to do only the dirtiest and the hardest work at home or stay doing nothing. The first attempts of self- affirmation were marked long before and showed that there were women who didn`t agree to be speechless, resigned slaves of their husbands only but equal members of families and society, wanted their energy and mind to be used. It is always difficult to be the first.

With the beginning of the industrial Revolution, women moved from words to deeds. There was a demand for female labor. Women received the right to education, the right to vote and be elected, the right to work and equal wages.

Women were charged and persecuted, they were called perfidious miscreants. But they were and it is a fact. And we are proud of their determination. These women will always live in human`s memory. We think mankind is thankful to women for their contributing the development of political, cultural life, in the development of science, techniques.

Then the most active and progressive women joined together to start movement for their rights. This struggle was also long and difficult because men didn`t want to give up. We show how rapidly the movement grew uniting more and more women. The more women fought , the more rights they received, the better life they got. All these victories of women led to the development of society and had peaceful purpose and great progressive meaning.

Having won definite equality women don`t want to stop. Present women are not the same as they were even 50-70 years ago. Now women are able to do everything. Men don`t know what to do: to astonish their strength, courage, modesty or to raise the alarm. Women not only wear men’s clothes, take cigarettes, drink but don`t want to bear children.

Excessive passion for feminism causes problems of demography. Less and less wonen want to have children, to bring them up and more and more women even demand 'unisex'. Of course, it is regress and even the end of life on the Earth.

The main destination of women is to give birth, make comfort! Neither machine nor robots, created by women, nor man can assuage paint and appease anger. Only wonen can make happy everybody around.

With the help of this scientific investigation we call girls not to confuse emancipation which gives benefit, and is a progressive force of a society with its false doctrine which leads to debauch, causes anxiety, disgusts people. Girls have to demand respect, polite attitude towards them. They should have their own style in clothes and behavior , but they have to keep within limits.

Comparing emancipation with its false doctrine

Subordination, enfranchised status of a woman in a family and society were characteristic features of all social and economic structures. Even in the most developed and democratic countries the laws didn`t give women equality with men in receiving jobs, education, social and cultural development. Besides, and it is the most important, women were held in servitude by men at home, doing the dirtiest and the hardest work or being inactive and doing nothing. Studying some historical periods and events we underline that women didn`t want and couldn`t be inactive. They wanted their energy and mind to be used.. The first attempts to declare about themselves and to file a protest were made long before D.C. But what a price did women pay? Women were persecuted, executed or expelled and expatriated. They were not understood not only by men but by women as well. Great examples of femininity, intellect, wisdom and beauty for all women are and will be Queen Nefertiti, Cleopatra, Catherine de Medeci, Joan of Arc. We consider them the first bright examples of emancipated women.

Some facts from lives and activities of outstanding women

Queen Nefertiti

1373-1357 B.C.

Nefertiti, whose name means "the beautiful one has come," was more than just a beautiful face. Nefertiti was the daughter of Ay, a nobleman who was the brother of Queen Tiy. Nefertiti was also known by her people as "Ruler of the Nile," "Daughter of Gods," and "Empress of the Mediterranean." The wife of Pharaoh Akhenaton, Queen Nefertiti wielded the major politi­cal and religious power of her day. Nefertiti was also in­fluential in establishing one of the world's first monothe­istic religion, the worship of the sun-god Aton. Nefertiti's preeminence during her husband's reign is evi­dent in the temple carvings, which dominated those of Pharaoh Akhenaton. This gives a strong indication that Nefertiti matched her husband in religious status. Nefertiti was the only queen addressed in prayers and therefore was accorded divinity while her husband was still alive. Never before has there been a recorded concession where a queen ex­pressed ideas different from those of the Pharaoh, but inscriptions on stone panels indicate that Nefertiti had ideas of her own regarding pos­sible locations for the new capital that was built by Akhenaton. Nefertiti was also the mother of six daughters, and for several years, she cared for Tutankhamon. Nephrite’s famous life-size bust depicts a beautiful woman and it pre­cisely echoes her praise in an Egyptian hymn as "youthful forever and ever" The bust eloquently speaks to her ageless beauty.

Cleopatra

69 -30 B.C.

Cleopatra is remembered as the beautiful and ruthless queen of Egypt who, by se­ducing both Julius Caesar and Mark Ant­ony, nearly succeeded in her aim of ruling the ancient world. She was born in Alexandria, and became the last of the Ptolemaic dynasty from Greece to rule Egypt. This dynasty lasted from 323 В. С. until the Romans took over in 31 В.С. On the death of her father in 51 В.С. Cleopatra married, and shared the throne of Egypt with, her brother Ptolemy XIII Philopater. However, she then engaged in a struggle with her brother for control of Egypt, which she only won after obtaining the support of Julius Caesar, who was in Egypt to settle the succession and secure Egypt's wealth for the Roman Empire. He defeated and killed Ptolemy at the battle of Alexandria in 47 В. С., and Cleopatra became the effective ruler of Egypt. A lesser known fact is that Cleopatra was highly educated and pos­sessed an impressive intellect, being a student of philosophy and inter­national relations.

Catherine de Medici

1519-1589

Catherine de Medici was a born into the in­fluential Medici family of Florence, Italy. In 1533 she was given in a political mar­riage to Henri, Duke of Orleans, who became the French King in 1547. As queen she was very influential in bring­ing aspects of Italian culture to France, such as their theater and food. After her husband's death, she gained political power as regent for her sons (she had ten children). An ambitious woman, she actively in­volved herself in the political intrigues of the court, always trying to increase royal power. At first Catherine tried to reconcile France's opposing Catholic and Protestant factions as their violent disputes threatened national unity. But with the massacre in 1570 of Protestants (the massacre of St Bartholomew), this peace was shattered, and Cathe­rine was blamed for allowing it to happen.

Describing lives of these women we pay attention on fact that all these women were first of all Mothers and true ladies. The aristocratic civilization of the Middle Ages brought forth a unique idealization of women. Even today chiv­alry is generally associated with the cult of the Lady. Medieval manners, some of which are still in use in the world today, demonstrate an astonishing respect to la­dies, which was common for the men of those times. Ladies were generally called "angels" and even "goddesses".

Joan of Arc

1412-1431

Воrn into a peasant family, Joan became a French heroine by leading the army of Charles VII against the English and raising their siege of 0rleans. Captured by the Burgimdians, and ransomed by the English, she was put on tri­al on charges of witchcraft and fraud. She eventually was convicted only of wearing male clothes, an offense against the Church, and was burned at the stake. Her legend grew and she became canonized in 1920.

We realize how courageous they had to be when breaking laws and consciousness!

Now, we start studying the female movement. There were times when men thought that they alone must bear on their shoulders the brunt of the struggle against capital, that they alone must deal with the ‘old world’ without the help of their womenfolk. However, as working-class women entered the ranks of those who sell their labor, forced onto the labor market by need, by the fact that hus­band or father is unemployed, work­ing men became aware that to leave women behind in the ranks of the 'non-class-conscious' was to damage their cause and hold it back. The greater the number of conscious fighters, the greater the chances of success. What level of consciousness was possessed by a woman who sat by the stove, who had no rights in society, the state or the family? She had no 'ideas' of her own! Every­thing was done as ordered by the fa­ther or husband.

The backwardness and lack of rights suffered by women, their sub­jection and indifference, were of no benefit to the working class, and in­deed were directly harmful to it. But how was the woman worker to be drawn into the movement, how was she to be awoken?

Women could free themselves starting struggle for their rights and first of all, the right to vote which is called suffrage. The women who fought for this right were called suffragettes. This fight was long and hard as men didn`t want and still don`t want to consider women.

The suffragette movement started in the middle of the XIXth century. Women demanded not only the right to vote, but also better education for girls. However, there was strong opposition. Many men argued that women were less intelligent and more emotional than men, and therefore could not make important decisions.

The first suffragettes believed in legal and peaceful. They used to write letters to Parliament and organized petitions. Nothing happened. Nobody noticed them. But women didn`t give up. By 1903, a woman called Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters Christabel and Sylvia encouraged women to break the law. Soon the newspapers were full of articles about these new style suffragettes.

What did they do? They marched through the streets. They used to paint VOTES FOR WOMEN on walls, and break shop windows. Some women chained themselves to the railings outside Parliament and 10 Downing Street. They had to be very courageous, because angry crowds came and threw tomatoes, eggs, and flour at them. Many women went to prison. There they refused to eat, and so prison officers used rubber tubes to force food into them.

Gradually, opinion changed. Many members of Parliament wanted votes for women, but still nothing happened. During the First World War, women had to do men's jobs, and they did them well. It was only after this that women aged thirty and over got the vote. Ten more years passed before, in 1928, women of twenty-one could vote.

At the beginning of the XXth century the number of countries-participants of the movement grew rapidly.

The organized army of working women grew with every year. At first the trade unions contained only small groups of working women scattered here and there among the ranks of the workers party. Twenty years later English trade unions had over 292 thousand, women members; in Germany around 200 thousand were in the trade union movement and 150 thousand in the workers party, and in Austria there were 47 thousand in the trade unions and almost 20 thousand in the party. Everywhere - in Italy, Hun­gary, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Switzerland - the women of the working class were organizing them­selves. The women's socialist army had almost a million members. A powerful force! A force that the pow­ers of this world must reckon with when it was a question of the cost of living, maternity insurance, child labor and legislation to protect female labor. Socialists in every country began to demand special protection for female and the defense of women interests.

Russia joined the movement in 1905. In 1920s some countries of Asia (Turkey, China) joined it.

One of the most important achievement of the struggle was establishing a Women`s Day in Copenhagen. In 1910, German socialist, Klara Zetkin, Presented the idea of marking March 8 as a day of solidarity of women. Women of all continents, often divided by national boundaries, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic and political differences, come together to celebrate their Day and demonstrate solidarity in struggle for equality, justice, peace and development.

Since those early years, International Women's Day has assumed a new global dimension for wom­en in developed and developing countries alike. The growing in­ternational women's movement, which has been strengthened by four global United Nations wom­en's conferences, has helped make the commemoration a ral­lying point for coordinated efforts to demand women's rights and participation in the political and economic process.

What was the aim of the feminists?

Their aim was to achieve the same ad­vantages, the same power, the same rights within the society as those possessed by their hus­bands, fathers and brothers. What was the aim of the women workers? Their aim was to abolish all privileges de­riving from birth or wealth. For the woman worker it was a matter of in­difference who was the 'master' a man or a woman. Together with the whole of her class, she could ease her posi­tion as a worker.

Feminists demanded equal rights always and everywhere, demand rights for every citizen, man and woman, but they were not prepared to forget that they were not only workers and citi­zens, but also mothers! And as mothers, as women who gave birth to the future, they demanded special concern for themselves and their children, special protection from the state and society.

The feminists were striving to асquire political rights, right to create, right to live an active life of full value. They worked and invented and won freedom though at high price: often doomed to poverty, found themselves isolated, their lives were not cloudless, sometimes their existence was intolerable. As Sharon Bertsch Mc Grayne wrote in Nobel Prize Women in Science

“Many of these women faced enormous obstacles. They were confined to basement laboratories and attic offices. They crawled behind furniture to attend science lectures. They worked in universities for decades without pay as volunteers - in the United States as late as the 1950s.”

Maria Mitchell

1818-1889

In thinking about equality of the sexes, astronomer Maria Mitchell wrote, "The eye that directs a needle in the delicate meshes of embroidery, will equally well Taught the basics of astronomy by her fa­ther as a girl on Nantucket, Massachu­setts in 1847 bisect a star with the spider web of the micrometer."

Mitchell's mind determined the orbit of a new comet. She was soon famous, and received a gold medal from the king of Denmark for her accomplishment, as well as member­ship in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the first wom­an to achieve this honor. She was then elected to the American Asso­ciation for the Advancement of Science. American women raised the funds to give her a state-of-the-art telescope, and in 1865 she accepted an appointment to Vassar College to become director of their observatory and professor of astronomy. She was a beloved teacher, and her private research was focused on the study of the sun, Jupiter and Saturn. She was chosen for membership in the Amer­ican Philosophical Society in 1869 and helped found the Associa­tion for the Advancement of Women in 1873.

Elizabeth Blackwell

1821-1910

Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman awarded the M.D. degree. Many nineteenth-century physicians, in­cluding a few women, practiced without a degree, but Elizabeth Blackwell wished to attain full professional status. She was reject­ed by all the major medical schools in the U.S. because of her sex. Her application to Geneva Medical School (now Hobart & William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York) was referred to the student body. They accepted with great hilarity in the belief that it was a spoof perpetrated by a rival school.

Working with quiet determination, she turned aside the hostility of the professors, students, and townspeople. She earned her medical degree in 1849. Blackwell completed her medical education in Eu­rope. Eventually she founded a Women's Medical Col­lege to train other women physicians. Blackwell's educational standards were higher then the all-male med­ical schools. Her courses emphasized the importance of proper san­itation and hygiene to prevent diseases.

SofyaKovalevskaya

1850-1891

SofyaKovalevskaya was a mathe­matician and novelist who made valuable contributions to the theo­ry of differential equations. The daughter of an artillery gener­al, she married a young paleontologist, Vladimir Kovalevsky, in 1868, and the two went to Germany to continue their studies. In 1869 she studied under the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz at the University of Heidelberg. Since public lectures were not open to women, she studied privately with the German mathematician Karl Weierstrass in Berlin between 1871 and 1874. The University of Gottingen granted her a degree in absentia in 1874 for a thesis on partial differential equations, one of her most remarkable works. In 1884 Kovalevskaya accepted an invitation to become lecturer at the University of Stockholm, where five years later she was appoint­ed professor of higher mathematics. In 1888 she was awarded the Borodin Prize of the Academy of Sciences for a paper on the rota­tion of a solid body around a fixed point. So remarkable was this work that the value of the prize was doubled. She also gained a rep­utation as a novelist for such works as Vera Vorontzoff (1893), de­picting her life in Russia.

Nettie Stevens

1861-1912

A Bryn Mawr biologist Nettie Stevens was one of the 20th century's major sci­entific breakthroughs, showing that the chromosomes known as "X" and "Y" were responsible for determining the sex of indi­viduals. This ended a longstanding scientific debate as to whether sex was determined by heredity or other fac­tors.

Now, once and for all, a relatively obscure research biologist had shown that chromosomes influenced human traits, opening the doors for research in science and medicine that continues to this day. Nettie Stevens, educated at Stanford University and Bryn Mawr College (Ph.D., 1903), taught throughout her relatively short life, inspiring many students to careers in science. She published more than 38 papers from 1901 to her death, in cytology and experimental physiology.

Marie Curie

1867 -1934

She would become famous for her research into ra­dioactivity, and was the first woman to win a Nobel prize. Maria grew up in a family that valued education. As a young woman she went to Paris to study mathematics, chemis­try and physics. She began studying at the Sorbonne in 1891, and was the first woman to teach there. Maria adopted the French spelling of her name (Marie) and also met Pierre Curie, who taught physics at University of Paris. Marie and Pierre soon married, and teamed up to conduct research on radioactive substances. They found that the uranium ore, or pitch­blende, contained much more radioactivity than could be explained solely by the uranium content. The Curie's began a search for the source of the radioactivity and discovered two highly radioactive elements, "radium" and "polonium." The Curies won the 1903 Nobel prize for physics for their discovery. Madame Curie continued her work on radioactive elements and won the 1911 Nobel prize for chemistry for isolating radium and studying its chemical properties. In 1914 she helped found the Ra­dium Institute in Paris, and was the Institute's first director. When the first world war broke out, Madame Curie thought X-rays would help to locate bullets and facilitate surgery. It was also important not to move the wounded, so she invented X-ray vans and trained 150 female attendants. In 1934, at the age of 67 Madame Curie died of leukemia, thought to have been brought on by exposure to the high levels of radiation in­volved in her research. After her death the Radium Institute was re­named the Curie Institute in her honor.

Children and adults are to be thankful to Ada Byron-Lovelace and Grace Murray Hopper who were the creators of a great wonder-computer and made it possible to use it.

Ada Byron -Lovelace

1815-1852

By her teens, Ada was corresponding with Cambridge Professor Charles Babbage, who had created a calculating machine he called the "difference engine." Her notes about his second, never-built device - the analytical en­gine - included detailed digital instructions for its use. Historians consider this the first computer program. To pay tribute to its author, the U.S. Department of Defense gave its universal software language the name Ada.

Few people have done as much to trans­form the world as Grace Murray Hopper. In her work with the first com­puters she put us on the track to making computers accessible to everyone. Without her belief that computers could be programmed in plain English and her invention of the first computer compiler it is unlikely that you would be on the Web to­day. Her love of mechanics led her to Vassar College where she earned a B.A. in Math and Physics. After her graduation she joined the Vassar faculty where she remained until 1943. Never one to be idle, she continued her studies at Yale while teaching. In 1930 she earned her M.A. and then in 1934 her Ph.D in Mathematics. Wanting to assist in the war effort and from a family with a history of military service, Grace decided to join the Navy. At first the Navy didn't want to take her. At 34 years old and 105 pounds she was both overage and underweight. In addition, her profession as math pro­fessor was viewed as vital to the war effort. However, the Navy gave in.

After she completed her training she was assigned to the Bureau of Ordnance Computation Project at Harvard University where she worked on the first full scale digital computer, the Mark I. Grace was only the third person to program the Mark I and her work not only fanned the fires of love for mechanics, it also won her the Na­val Ordnance Award for her work on these computers (including Mark I, II and III). She earned the high rank of Real Admiral before her retirement. At 40, Hopper was too old to remain in active service and jumped into the world of business. She joined the Eckert - Mauchly Com­puter Corporation (the inventors of ENIAC) as a senior mathemati­cian When Grace came to work for Eckert - Mauchly all program­ming was still done using a series of binary codes (using only Is and Os). This made it very easy to make mistakes and incredibly difficult to find them. Grace was convinced that if computers could be pro­grammed in plain English then they would become much more ac­cessible. When she suggested this her team scoffed at her. But that didn't stop Grace Hopper.

In 1952 she developed the first computer compiler for the UNIVAC computer. By the end of 1956 she had reached her goal of "teaching" UNIVAC I and II to recognize English statements. In 1959 she took her work one step further and invented the computer language CO­BOL, the first user friendly business software program. She worked hard to get this standardized and soon the Navy and others were using the language. Her work has changed the face of computing. She was the first per­son ever to receive the Computer Sciences Man of the Year Award from the Data Processing Management Association in 1969. In 1991, she was the first individual woman to receive the National Medal of Technology. And all of us continue to uphold her memory when we talk about computer bugs. She was the first person to coin this term when she found a moth jammed into a computer processor had stopped its operation. According to the Invention Connection, "Grace Hopper hung a clock in her Naval office that ran counterclockwise as a reminder of the key principle to her success: Most problems have more than one solution." She proved that through her many achievements that have left a lasting legacy for all of us who use computers today.

We are very much obliged all these women for their deeds. And it seems there is no need to fight, to continue female movement but…

Having won definite equality and freedom women don`t want to stop. Now women are able to do everything. There are presidents, generals, toreodorse, cascaders, cosmonauts, detectives, bankers, minders, bouncers those who conquer space, sea and the Earth. Men don`t know what to do: to astonish their strength, courage, modesty or to raise the alarm.

Valentina Teresbkova

Five women were selected, on February 16, 1962, as cosmonaut trainees. Valentina was one of them and underwent the rigorous training program which included 120 jumps. Valentina did extremely well in the physical aspects of her training, but had trouble with the engineering topics. Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, the Soviet chief rocket designer, was responsible for the novel idea of placing a woman in space. On June 16, 1963, Vostok 6, with Valentina Tereshkova on board, was launched. This was to be a joint mission with Vostok 5 and the primary mission was to collect data on the effects of space flight on men and women. She became the first woman in the world to fly in space. Then there were other bold spirit women who follow her example: Sally Ride, Svetlana Saitskaya.

Mary Robinsons

Mary Robinson was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where she received a Master of Arts degree in 1970. She also earned a Barrister-at-Law degree from the King's Inns, Dublin, and a Master of Laws degree from Harvard University. At the age of 25, Mrs. Robinson was appointed Reid Professor of Constitutional and Criminal Law at Trinity College, where she also served as lecturer in European community law. With her husband Nicholas, Mrs. Robinson founded the Irish Centre for European Law in 1988. In December 1990, Mrs. Robinson was inaugurated as the seventh president of Ireland. As president, she represented her country in­ternationally, developing a new sense of Ireland's economic, polit­ical, and cultural ties to other countries and cultures. Linking the history of the Great Irish Famine to today's nutrition, poverty, and policy issues, she articulated a special relationship between Ire­land and developing countries. The Robinson presidency was characterized by inclusiveness and a concerted effort to use the office not only to improve the situa­tions of marginalized groups within Ireland but also to draw atten­tion to global crises. Mrs. Robinson was the first head of state to visit famine-stricken Somalia in 1992 and also the first to go to Rwanda in the aftermath of the genocide there. In recognition of her efforts in Somalia, Mrs. Robinson received the Special CARE Humanitarian Award in 1993. Her humanitarian work as president, her background in human rights law, and her uncompromising pursuit of justice and equality made her a prime candidate for the position of United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. As High Commissioner, Mrs. Robinson is responsible for overseeing the human rights activities of the United Nations, including promoting universal enjoyment of human rights, responding to human rights violations, undertak­ing preventive human rights action, and providing education and assistance in the field of human rights.

Sharon Selton

She's thrown Sean Perm over her shoulder and she's asked Andrew Ridgeley to be quiet. She's slim, attractive and 1,75 meters tall. Sharon Selton is not what most of us imagine a bouncer to look like, but that's just what she is at the London club Xenon. "I work in the bar and dance-floor areas" - says Sharon, aged twenty-nine. 'The aim is not to be noticed. I have to move around and mix in the crowd. I'm there to make sure no trouble starts. If anyone looks angry I just go and ask them to be calm. Most men are so surprised at being spoken to by a woman bouncer that they don't argue. I only occasionally have to use force." Sharon has also worked as a "minder" for Madonna and for Al Pacino. She spends a lot of time practicing Wing Chun, a method of self-defence designed for women.

We don`t doubt, it is great progress when free women work creatively making contribution into the development of a country, the whole world and themselves.

We cannot imagine life without discoveries made by women in all spheres. We have to recognize women`s achievements in political and social life, art, literature, music, science, technology and sport. Of course, mankind would have done the achievements, but when would it be? Besides, all the discoveries were made for the peaceful purpose, aimed at development of society and continuation of life on the Earth. Most inventions made our life easier, happier, saved time for rest and cultural development though their own lives were not easy, happy, they had no time to rest and to sleep.

Phyllis J. Read and Bernard L. Witliebwrote in The Book of Women s Firsts

"It is difficult to imagine or to underestimate the price many of these women paid in the currency of loneliness, self-doubt, ridicule, and insult. They were often considered to be in flagrant violation of the laws, written and unwritten, of God and man. Many were jailed for their beliefs and activities. They were seen to be violating the natural order, the way “everyone” knew things were supposed to be. They persevered against odds that should have been overwhelming - and they triumphed. "

But what is this triumph for, what are these achievements for if there are less and less happy women, carefull mothers?

We must show the other side of this movement.

Now women are fond of men`s clothes, occupations, hobbies better than their own. Modern ladies are fond of travelling, waisting much money. They revel their own independence: smoke, drink, use foul language, play billiards,fightgluttonize.Utilization and emancipation lacked women`s mystary, tenderness deprived of romantism, defencelessness.Most women were made bear a great resamblance to rough creatures of neuter gender. Trousers ate the beauty of women`s legs and light step. Wide jackets hid tempting well developed figures. “Has this world gone crazy?” men surprise and cannot admit it.

The research

We asked boys their opinion to the problem of emancipation. Here are the results of the questionnaire:

We analyze answers for some questions and came to the conclusion that most of boys want those times when one always opened a door for a woman; if walking on a sidewalk, the man had to walk on the side nearest the moving cars (to protect her); one always helped a woman with her coat; the male always paid for a "date"; in short: "ladies first". They want to be surprised girls` unique beauty and weakness. And they cannot understand why most feminists behaved crazily a lot of time.

But analyzing the results of another questionnaire we came to the conclusion that for feminists an “extravagant and crazy” style of life is the only way to protest against the wretched concept that “woman has to keep her household, give birth to children and bring them up, and please her husband who earns money and protect her”.

And our too clever men and boys turned everything upside down and derived benefit from it. So we came to realize that all of these "social manners", chivalrous or not, to a woman or not, were only very rarely if at all expected socially. One was not expected to: open doors of cars for women, help them carry heavy items, pay for "dates", indeed, one was not often expected to treat women in any special way at all. In fact, one was most often expected to not treat women in any spe­cial way. Due to the very real influence of a cer­tain type of feminism (there are other "streams" in the entire women's movement), men gradually discerned that men were expected to treat women as some said they wanted and expected: as "equals". This was not just feminist rhetoric -but, to certain degrees, depending somewhat on the social circle and individual, the social real­ities of daily life there. Feminist theory - less or more legitimately following an idea in the American Declaration of Independence — said that all men and women are "equal", and that in ev­ery way. With some women that one could meet, it came to be rejected as sexist arrogant for a man to imagine that a woman needed a man's special attention or help, or that a woman was in any way "unequal'' (or weaker) than a male.

The times when the ladies were being continuously pro­claimed angels and goddesses were the times of oppression. As the feminists proclaimed them to be mere human beings, the era of liberated women came. And yet there are people who believe all of this!

But, we might say, not every woman was regarded as an angel. That is true -and that was the main cause of the femi­nist moral revolution. Traditional gender relations allowed the beautiful and intelli­gent noble ladies to achieve the social sta­tus of goddesses. Naturally, the graceless geese felt jealous about their idolized ri­vals. So emerged feminism. People who know a considerable number of feminists more or less closely, would agree with us - the overall majority of feminists are grace­less geese.

Their struggle against beauty and love still goes on. They have already managed literally to prohibit sex in many countries, with the laws against sexual harassment. The authors of these laws surely do not know much about sex, including the simple fact that sex is technically impossible without some harassment (otherwise it is called rape). But the feminists won't stop until they destroy the very idea of gender. What they need is 'unisex'.

Less and less women want to have children. It is a pity that in our century of scientific and technical progress problems of demography are on the brink of fall. There is a new tendency: rich and successful women want to stay mamma`s girl as long as possible. Triumph of political and social equality turns into humiliation and depreciation. Women are treated by men that way that men were expected to treat women as some said they wanted and expected: as "equals".

Of course, this desperate battle against the most basic laws of nature is doomed. If there would be any biologist among the feminists, she would explain to them the absurdity of their ideas. But before they fail to defeat nature, they may destroy much of our art culture, put the end to life on the Earth.

We thinkwomen have to be beautiful, clever and active but they also have to be tender and modest. They have to get merriage and bear chilren and, of course, take care of their kids, husbands, aged and week parents because it is the main destination of women. Only women can make comfort and cook tasty, assuage paint and appease anger. Only wonen can make happy everybody around.

CONCLUSION

Having read a lot of documents and articles, analysed discussions with boys and girls we came to the conclusion that there is still misunderstanding of meanings. The main difference between emancipation and false doctrine of it is as follows: Emancipation is a movement of active women who have minimum rights but try to do everything possible to develop the society, to improve life of all people.Women not only got rid of the pressure of society, but also began to fight. Their word was not at odds with the deed. Emancipated women are women with life of full value.It is a progressive movement. But women without destination, dreaming of doing nothing but entertainments only lead our society to the extinction. Of course, it is regress.

Though it seems that there is no need to fight for equal rights: women have got them.But there is still necessity to explain boys and girls their destination. There is always place and time for women to use themselves: hospitals, Children`s homes, old people`s homes. We are sure that such women as Indira Ghandi, Raisa Gorbachova, Hillary Clinton, Diana are examples of really emancipated women. They were both wise politicians, devoted wives and friends to their husbands and loving and careful mothers. It is pleasant to look at them, to listen to them because they have their own style, their own opinion. They are clever and modest, active and polite,kind and sympathetic, generous and noble. If only all girls were like them, there would be no problems.

And we want to wish all girls, future women, to find themselves. Try to be beautiful and unique but not vulgar! Try to live an active life of full value and not waste knowledge and force. Try to be noble and kind to meet polite attitude from male.

Bibliography

1. Encyclopaedia

2. `Recognising and celebrating women`s achievements in political and social life, in science and technology` N/p ENGLISH No10 2001

3. `Eve us. Adam?` N/p ENGLISH No10 2001

4. `History of Women`s movement` N/p ENGLISH No9 2000

5. ` It Is Good That It Exists` N/p ENGLISH No9 2001

6. `The Greceless Utopia of Feminism` N/p ENGLISH No12 2001

7. `A Hostage of Uncertainty` N/p FAMILY No10 2001

8. ` A Subjugator of Life` N/p FAMILY No17 2001

9. `Race Along the Vertical Line` magazine CARAVAN June 2001

10 `Divorce according to French Traditions` magazine CARAVAN May 2001

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