Conditionals 2 and 3 types

 Type 2 Conditionals

Type 2 Conditionals express an imaginary situation contrary to facts in the present or are used to give advice. (Условные предложения 2 типа описывают воображаемые ситуации, относящиеся к настоящему, или используются для того, чтобы дать совет.)

Формула условных предложений 2 типа:

 If-clause: if + Past Simple, 

Main clause: would/could/might + bare infinitive 

Пример:

If I saw a ghost, I would run away. (But I haven’t seen a ghost – untrue in present)

If I were you, I wouldn’t go out late. (Advice)

 Type 3 Conditionals

Type 3 Conditionals express an imaginary situation in the past or are used to express regrets and criticism. (Условные предложения 3 типа описывают воображаемые ситуации, относящиеся к прошлому, или используются для того, чтобы выразить сожаление или критику.)

Формула условных предложений 3 типа: 

If-clause: if + Past Perfect,

Main clause: would/could/might + have + Past Participle (=V₃)

Пример:

If I had closed the window, we wouldn’t have been robbed. (But I didn’t close the window – so it’s an untrue situation in the past)

If he hadn’t behaved so badly, the teacher wouldn’t have punished him. (Сriticism)

 Особенности использования условных предложений

• В условных предложениях 2 типа можно использовать were вместо was для всех местоимений.

Пример:

If I was/were you, I would try harder. – На твоем месте я бы пытался упорнее.

• Вместо if можно также использовать as long as, providing, provided that.

Пример:

As long as he’s on time, we won’t be late for the meeting. (= If he’s on time…)

We’ll come by car providing/provided that Dad lends us his. (= …if Dad lends us...)

Practice exercises

1. Complete the sentences to make type 2 conditionals.

Пример: If I met my favourite film star, I’d be so excited.

1. If I lost my pet, ____________________________.

2. If I wanted to lose weight, ____________________________.

3. If I saw someone cheating in a test, ____________________________.

4. If I was able to travel back in time, ____________________________.

5. If I found € 20 outside a shop, _______________________________.

 2. Complete the sentences to make type 3 conditionals. Look at the ideas.

Пример: not buy/guitar → not learn/play one = If Jeff hadn’t bought a guitar, he wouldn’t have learnt how to play one.

1. not learn/play guitar → not join/band

2. not join/band → not be asked/play at party

3. not be asked/play at party→ not meet/band manager

4. not meet/band manager → not sign contract/record company

3. Choose the correct forms of the second and third conditionals to complete the sentences.

Начало формы

1. If he   jobs, he would be a lot happier.

2. If I were you, I   her that I love her.

3. Even if he   them, they wouldn't have agreed to come.

4. If she hadn’t threatened him, he  .

5. I   him if I were you.

6. He   with her if he had known she would behave so irresponsibly.

7. I wouldn't have been able to do it unless she   me.

8. If he   earlier, he wouldn't have been late for work.

9. If we   to spend the day in London, we would have bought a day pass.

10. If you   less on clothes, you would be able to save some money.

Конец формы